54 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 182 



groups, there must be inserted a number of other groups who conceived 

 the art of fashioning stone projectile points, which eventually culmi- 

 nated in the forms utilized by the latter groups. 



It is not conceivable that men of the Sandia, Clovis, and Folsom 

 cultures migrated into the New World bringing along these precision 

 tools. The so-called Folsom points found in Alaska are totally lacking 

 in the characteristic fine chipping and careful central fluting typical 

 of the types found in the classical Folsom sites. Whether these crude 

 "formative" or "degenerative" forms are in evidence in Siberia has 

 not been indicated in the literature. 



To think that a nonstoneworking group or groups conceived the 

 fashioning of and the manufacture of such fine tools as the Clovis, 

 Folsom, and Eden points without displaying the various experimental 

 stages before they were able to turn out these forms is asking too much 

 of one's imagination and credulity. 



Recently, while going through de Mortillet's report (1881), I 

 noticed a number of illustrations indicating projectile forms from 

 Robenhausen, a Swiss Lake dwellers' site. These fonns indicated 

 various steps in the construction of fluted points formed by transverse 

 chipping and the casting off of a later longitudinal central flake or 

 flakes on either side of the instrument. Whether figure 237 of plate 32 

 indicated the presence of a "striking platform" is not mentioned in 

 the caption, possibly because such a feature was not recognized at 

 the time. Be Mortillet does mention that single, double, or multiple- 

 channel flakes were cast off to give the object a fluted effect resembling 

 certain fluted types fomid in the New World. He also indicated that 

 the multiple-channel flaking does occur up to eight in number but 

 that these are exceptions rather than the rule. 



Recent studies by Byer, Lewis, McCary, Miller, Soday, and Witt- 

 hoft have indicated a probable shift in concentration of early lithic 

 types from the Western Plains to the southeast and eastern portion 

 of the United States. Fluted points have been reported from every 

 State in New England with the exception of Maine. True, there were 

 only a few found, but they are in sufficient numbers to indicate that 

 Early Man was there during his stay in the New World. Large 

 numbers have been found in Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, 

 Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Okla- 

 homa, and Ohio, as well as other finds in West Virginia, Illinois, Indi- 

 ana, and Iowa. Each and every one of these represent important 

 links in knowledge regarding Early Man and all will eventually bo 

 interconnectexi to indicate a picture, as the facts will allow. 



This switch in population density may be indicative of the fact that 

 man did not enter the New World solely via the land bridge across 

 Bering Strait. There is a probability that he might have emigrated 

 from Europe following the glacial fringe into Iceland and Greenland 



