pip. K' 25]' JOHN H. KERR RESERVOIR BASIN — ^MILLER 81 



from 31 mm. to 45 mm., widths from 11 mm. to 16 mm., and thickness 

 from 7 mm. to 11 mm. The best made specimen in the lot was re- 

 covered from site 44Mc74 and displays very carefully placed collateral 

 pressure chipping ending in ridges down the central portions of the 

 tw^o sides and more or less parallel to the edges. The base of this 

 specimen is squared. 



Two of the winged specimens are chert, one is quartzite, and the 

 other is rhyolite. Whether these are truly drills, perforators, or a 

 peculiar type of projectile point could not be determined. All of 

 them share a common characteristic in that they have converging 

 side projections that separate the blade from the stem, giving the 

 instrument a sort of winged effect and terminating in either a flat 

 or slightly rounded base. Lengths vary from 30 mm. to 64 mm., 

 thickness from 9 mm. to 11 mm. 



Only the basal portion of the chert bifurcated-based specimen was 

 recovered. This is thin, 5 mm., and has been shaped by means of 

 pressure chipping. It has undergone a certain amount of surface 

 alteration through decomposition of the silicate in the original stone, 

 which can readily be seen where the blade was separated from the 

 stem portion. The break must have happened rather recently for the 

 inner cortex does not display any alteration. 



Tliis same can be said about the expanded, side-notched, rounded- 

 based specimen. Only a 4-mm. piece of the blade is present. While 

 this specimen has a certain look of the Southern Cult about it, a sort 

 of mace-shape, it is doubtful if it were ever associated with this re- 

 ligious rite, since it is much too early in time. The gray quartzite 

 has responded to a certain amount of patination in that there is a 

 slight crust of carbonate present over the entire section of tlie sur- 

 face with the exception of the broken surface between the blade and 

 basal portions. 



Another drill-like object of light gray quartzite has a short, blunt 

 shank protruding from an irregularly shaped flake that has been 

 chipped along the thinner edges adjoining one face. Certain sec- 

 tions appear to have functioned as a scraping edge. 



Spoke-shaves or draw-knives (pi. 28, a, &, c, d; fig. 10, h-e) were 

 made by chipping a concave notch from the sides of various prismatic 

 flakes. The working edges, carefully retouched at an obtuse angle to 

 the base of the flake, formed an ideal tool by which the shafts of their 

 darts could be smoothed. Supposedly, these tools were put to many 

 other uses, which can only be conjectured. Widths and depths of 

 these working surfaces are variable as to size. 



Knives vary according to the size* of the flake used (pi. 29; fig. 11). 

 Usually these were made from fairly large, flat chert flakes that were 

 carefully trimmed first by percussion chipping and later retouched 



