114 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 182 



A number of the mediuni-sized specimens, with bifurcated or con- 

 cave base, range in length from 40 mm. to 45 mm. ; in width from 

 23 mm. to 38 mm. ; and in thickness from 7 mm. to 10 mm. A typical 

 point is characterized by a well-formed parallel-sided stem with either 

 a bifurcate or concave base, the concavity of which is never steep, sup- 

 porting a triangular or subtriangular blade. Sides of the stem have 

 been partially smoothed by rapping, while those of the blade have 

 been retouched either moderately or to extremes, forming a serrated 

 edge on either side. The stem is trimmed by the removal of one to 

 three thin longitudinal flakes creating a wide groove on each face, 

 which extends from the base to or beyond the level of the shoulders and 

 involves from a third to a half of the total length of each face. Pro- 

 portionately, the "maximum thickness often equals 30 percent of the 

 total length and probably averages 20 to 25 percent" (Amsden, 1935, 

 p. 44). 



Bryan and Toulouse (1943, pp. 269-280) reported on the San Jose 

 culture as found in nonpottery bearing sites near Grants, N. Mex. 

 Associated with this culture are articles of stone: serrated projectile 

 points, drills, knives, scrapers, and grinding tools. The San Jose 

 point is characterized as being strongly serrated, has a broad tang 

 whose edges are smoothed by grinding, with an indented base, and it 

 varies from 1^ to 2 inches in length. These points (ibid., pi. 19, 

 w-h' ) are identical to a number found in the basin, which were made 

 of chert and rliyolite. 



Like the New Mexican foiins, the Virginia specimens are derived 

 from nonpottery-bearing horizons — presumably the Archaic — but 

 since they are found in association with other points it cannot posi- 

 tively be designated that they are typical of a certam phase of the 

 Archaic as demonstrated by Bryan and Toulouse. It is unfortunate 

 that tlio elements have reduced the cultural deposits so completely as 

 to destroy the natural placement of the various types in the area. 



Eecently, "V\nieeler (1954, pp. 7-14) has called attention to his re- 

 definition of two projectile types, the Duncan and Banna, with rela- 

 tion to his earlier McKean Stemmed and Perinj types. The Duncan 

 point is characterized as 



a straight convergiog or bilaterally convex blade ; Inslopiug, non-barbed shoul- 

 ders; and a straight parallel-sided or slightly expanding stem with shallowly 

 notched base. It is 31..o mm. or more in total length and the stem represents 

 about one-fourth of the total length. The blade is 15.5 mm. or more in maximum 

 breadth and 4.5 mm. or more in maximum thickness. The point is made on a 

 flake of chert or quartzite. The blade and stem are fully chipped by pressure 

 on both faces from the edges in a random fashion. The blade is lenticular in 

 cross section. The base is notched by pressure chipping on both faces from the 

 base toward the tip. The edges of the blade are generally thin, straight, even, 

 and sharp. The sides of the stem are usually smoothed by retouching or 

 grinding. 



