128 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 182 



Everyone who has seen these objects is immediately struck with this 

 feature and agrees that great age is indicated. 



The various Archaic and Early Woodland forms are present in 

 sufficient numbers to show that the basin was occupied by these groups 

 while the small, basic isosceles triangular forms of the Late Woodland 

 and early Mississippian are variable enough to establish a number of 

 types indicating a refinement in the original concept of form. 



PEOJECTILE CHARACTEKISTICS 



Archaic : Some may have functioned as knives. 



Stemmed points: Most of these are large with straight sides and straight 



based stems. The so-called "fish-spears" are relatively thick narrow 



points with rounded stems and diamond-shaped points, relatively long, 



narrow points with slight stemming and narrowing near the base. 

 Outline: Body is sagittate in form and essentially triangular. 

 Lateral edges: Edges are basically straight but may vary to convex with an 



occasional serrated form occurring. 

 Bases: These are of many forms: straight, slightly convex, or slightly 



concave (fig. 19). 

 Stems: When stems occur they may vary from parallel sides to sides which 



are slightly concave, or slightly converging. 

 Notches: Those with notches are moderately wide to wide. 

 Shoulders: When shoulders are present on stemmed varieties they vary from 



right to obtuse angles. 

 Length: Varies from 39 mm. to 61 mm. 

 Width: Varies from 24 mm. to 38 mm. 

 Thickness: Varies from 5 mm. to 9 mm. 

 Material: Usually chert. 

 Distribution: These forms are to be found throughout the eastern littoral as 



well as those farther interior. Western forms comparable to these have 



been noted in the literature. 

 Early Woodland : Again, some of these may have functioned as knives. 

 Outline: The Archaic form still is retained unmodified. 

 Lateral edges: They resemble those of the Late Archaic in form and in 



treatment. 

 Bases: Bases may vary from straight to convex with an occasional specimen 



displaying a slight concave base. 

 Stems: Stems of varying lengths and widths appear to be more universal. 

 Notches: These are moderately wide to wide. 

 Shoulders: Shoulders may vary from right to acute angles. 

 Length: Varies from 23 mm. to 74 mm. 

 Width: A variation from 18 mm. to 37 mm. occurs. 

 Thickness: Ranges from 5 mm. to 10 mm. 

 Material: This is chiefly chert but some quartz or quartzite does occur every 



now and then. 

 Discussion: Stone tools still retain their characteristic Archaic form while 

 bone tools appear to increase somewhat in numbers as well as in com- 

 plexity. 

 Distribution: Overlaps that of the Archaic forms and cultures. 



