pip No!* 2¥/' JOHN H. KERR RESERVOIR BASIN — MILLER 141 



tional Woodland period and was coeval with certain cord- wrapped 

 paddle, plain, and a simple-stamped ware along the Hyco River drain- 

 age. All were probably dependent upon certain determining envi- 

 ronmental factors. This could best be explained by pointing to the 

 use of this general cotradition of surface treatments extending from 

 southeastern Canada on the north, to Indiana on the west, to Missis- 

 sippi on the southwest, and to central Georgia on the south — an area 

 over which most early cultures made use of this same technological 

 tradition as far as exterior surface treatments are concerned and 

 differed only as to the basic vessel form. 



It has been accepted that conoiclal bases are early and that these 

 were followed by rounded and slightly flattened bases at a much later 

 time, being influenced by intrusions from Middle Mississippian cul- 

 tures, especially to the south but never quite reaching northward into 

 northeastern North Carolina and southern Virginia. 



As pointed out earlier, the tempering factor remained constant 

 tliroughout the reservoir area, but the amount and the size of the 

 particles increased during the Middle and Late Woodland times, 

 when it constituted from 15 to 35 percent of the volume of the paste. 

 Hardness ranged from 2.5 to 3.5 in the Moh hardness scale. Fabric 

 elements became somewhat cruder and the coiling techniques of manu- 

 facture continued, modified somewhat by the different firing methods 

 that were standardized for each horizon. 



htco plain 

 Paste: 



Method of manufacture: Coiled or built up with annular rings, as shown by 



coil-line breaks. 

 Temper: Fine river sand. 

 Texture: Ranges from medium fine to medium, giving a fine-grained paste 



which is quite compact. 

 Color: The paste and surface color ranges from an orange red, tan, and 

 buff. No evidence of any smudging. 

 Surface finish : 



Modification: By definition both surfaces are smoothed and left untreated 

 as plain. Surfaces are slightly uneven in thickness over the entire vessel. 

 Form : 



From the small number of sherds, the vessel forms appear to be medium- 

 sized ollas and wide-mouthed deep bowls, both with conoidal bases. 

 Rim: These are usually of the rounded, flattened, or slightly tapered type 

 but rarely is the rim so flattened that a portion extends beyond the exterior 

 wall limits. 

 Thickness: Average is 5 mm., with the range from 3 to 7 mm. 

 Probable relationship of type: This is the earliest pottery in the Roanoke 

 River system and is found in direct association with sherds from steatite 

 vessels. In physical appearance the paste resembles that of the Deptford 

 of Georgia but is not generically related. Both forms are attributed to the 

 Late Archaic and Early Woodland, a sort of Transitional Period. 



