184 



BUREAU OF AlVIERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[Bull. 182 



BONE AND ANTLER ARTIFACTS 



Under the bone and antler industry are included objects made of 

 turtle shell and teeth, since the same considerations seem to apply to 

 them. 



Bone scrap was rather plentiful in the Clarksville Component, but 

 artifacts were comparatively few. Bone tools cover a fairly wide 

 range in form and function. Since the Indians of the John H. Kerr 

 Eeservoir Basin made only simple functional tools, very elaborate or 

 decorative forms are not expected. All bone tools were manufactured 

 by fracturing, cutting, shaving, abrading, and finally polishing. The 

 very nature of the material determined the degree of modification and 

 the functional form intended. Many of the artifacts -were very effec- 

 tive tools made with very little effort. This is especially true of the 







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Figure 40. — ^Typical bone awls and punches, Clarksville site, 44Mcl4. 



