pip ^o!" 25T' JOHN H. KERR RESERVOIR BASIN — ^MILLER 231 



the shallowest appeared at 1.5 feet under the existing surface and the 

 deepest measured 6.9 feet beneath the surface. 



Burial ritual indicated either flexed or extended. Karely were 

 they ever associated with specially placed objects. During the early 

 period there were no burial goods present in any of the graves and it 

 was during the INIiddle and early Late Woodland that a practice was 

 commenced in which such things as shell beads, shell gorgets, clay 

 vessels, turtle carapace as totemic indicators, bone awls, and elbow 

 pipes of clay or steatite were placed with the bodies. This would indi- 

 cate that they had more leisure time to devote to the manufacture of 

 these objects and to the refinement of their burial ritualism. Burials 

 occurred either as single, double, or multiple interments. Head di- 

 rection and position, as well as depths, were variable factors. 



Tlie ceramic remains indicated that the Clarksville site was first 

 occupied by a small contingent of the makers of the Hyco Series. 

 Tliese people were not numerous, for only traces are found of Hyco 

 Fabric Marked, Hyco Cord-wrapped Paddled, Hyco Plain, Hyco 

 Combed, Hyco Net Impressed, Hyco Textile Impressed, and Simple 

 Stamped. 



Later, a group of newcomers, the manufacturers of the Clarksville 

 Series, came into the area. There was a peaceful amalgamation of 

 the two groups as indicated by a certain blending of surface techniques 

 with each group retaining its own specified paste type. The latter 

 group utilized a sandier, coarser, contorted paste which was fired under 

 oxido-reduced atmospheric conditions, resulting in a coarser ware 

 which was darker in color. 



Once these Clarksville characteristics were definitely established 

 and accepted, the Hyco method of manufacture and many of their ex- 

 terior surface treatments were abandoned and the newer methods 

 received the greater attention and were later elaborated on. As time 

 progressed greated emphasis was placed on impressing various types 

 of textiles upon the exteriors of vessels, a trend which dominated the 

 field at the time of abandonment of the site. 



House types are still problematical. A number of random post 

 molds were noted but none of them were alined in any definite pattern. 

 It has been supposed that the shelters were very flimsy things, which 

 were so light that they failed to leave behind any indications of their 

 existence. 



Tools made from bone material appeared early and persisted 

 throughout the existence of the site, as indicated by the various finds 

 in the various levels of the deposit. Such tools consisted of various 

 types of awls, beamers, fleshers, fishhooks, and bodkins. Broken ani- 

 mal bones were exceedingly plentiful, indicating that the occupants 

 were unusually good hunters and that game was plentiful in the 

 immediate area. 



