302 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 182 



completely surrounding the artifacts that can be measured macro- 

 scopically. 



Several of the pomts recovered from the surface of 44:]Mc27, an 

 Archaic site, resemble the "Manzano" point as illustrated by Hibben 

 (1941). It is surmised that the Manzano point is probably an off- 

 shoot of the Gypsmn Cave type, or made shortly thereafter, and with- 

 out a doubt there must be a definite correlation between the Gypsum 

 Cave and the Manzano types — the two may be coeval ui the latter 

 phase of Gypsum and early phase of Manzano. 



Four other projectile types, possessing smoothed bases resulting 

 from some abraidmg teclmique, are similar to those illustrated by 

 Witthoft (1947) and McCary (1946) who assigned them to a late 

 manifestation of the Archaic or an early manifestation of the Wood- 

 land. These points came from two Archaic sites, 44Mc24 and 44Mc27, 

 in Mecklenburg County, Va., and bear strong resemblances to certain 

 early "Woodland forms in the Brewerton and Vosburg Foci of the 

 Laurentian Aspect of New York. Witthoft has suggested that the 

 smoothing was probably accomplished by rubbing with a slip of 

 gritty shale across the sharp edges of the chipped flint to dull the 

 sharp edges. "It seems apparent that this smoothing is a deliberate 

 attempt to dull the sharp edges of the flint where it v/ould be in con- 

 tact with the lashings, rather than wear resulting from the use of 

 the point as a scraping instrument or from abrasion by loose lash- 

 ings." Ritchie (1940) also reported similar points from the extreme 

 base of at least one site of the Brewerton Focus, and as far as is known 

 similar points have not been reported from any other New York sites. 



Witthoft (1947) reported that most of these types occurred at the 

 Donovan site of the Vergennes Focus in Vermont and suggested that 

 this trait constitutes one of the traditions that entered into the com- 

 plexity of Laurentian stone industries in prepottery (late Archaic) 

 and early ceramic (early Woodland) horizons. 



Just when did these fonns enter into the general cultural scheme 

 of southern Virginia is not known at the present time. It is felt that 

 they represent a number of the early types which must eventually 

 be inserted into their proper time space. Their presence represents 

 a possible subsequent peregrination of peoples predating and post- 

 dating the Folsom tradition and represents an adaptation to the ever- 

 changing ecological conditions brought about by new environments 

 and certain other economic changes. 



Similar points have been reported from sites along the eastern 

 seaboard and none of them are overly numerous in any one locality. 

 They, too, must be insei-ted into their proper niche either by (1) 

 occurring undisturbed in stratified archeological deposits, (2) dating 

 by geological means, or (3) dating determined by the radiocarbon 

 tests. 



