FEWKES ] NAVAHO NATIONAL MONUMENT, ARIZONA 9 
Lake, is one of the scenic features of this locality. There are pre- 
historic burials in the sands near Red Lake, from which have been 
obtained several beautiful specimens of pottery resembling in the 
main those from the Navaho National Monument and from the Black 
Falls ruins. 
The road continues from Red Lake to Bekishibito (Cow Spring),? 
where the water issues from under a low cliff, spreading in the wet 
season over the adjacent plain and forming a shallow lake several 
miles long, whose bottom is somewhat dangerous on account of 
quicksands. When there is water a rich mantle of grass—a boon to 
travelers in this dusty land—covers the plain, making an attractive 
camping place. This stretch of the road, not more than 20 miles in 
length, is fairly good and easily traversed by wagons. 
After leaving Bekishibito, the road to Marsh pass, although on the 
whole not bad, becomes more and more obscure. The traveler now 
enters the region of ruins, and passes several mounds indicating 
former habitations, some of which still have standing walls. Several 
pools of water, reduced to little more than mudholes, are found along 
the road, but a constant supply of potable water is found at the 
sand hills in the Black mesa opposite the butte called by the Navaho 
- Saunee, 30 to 40 miles distant from Cow Spring. The distance 
from Red Lake to this camp is a good day’s journey with a heavily 
loaded buckboard, noon camp being made at Bekishibito. From 
Saunee one can easily reach Marsh pass in another day, making in 
all five ‘‘sleeps” from Flagstaff to Marsh pass. The only serious 
difficulties on the route are encountered as one ascends the pass, 
but a few weeks’ work here would make the whole road from Tuba 
to Marsh pass as good as that from Flagstaff to Tuba, which is 
considered one of the best in this part of Arizona. 
A large ruin with high walls is visible on a promontory of the 
Sethlagini plateau westward from this camp. This ruin, as_ well 
as another near the road, about halfway from the sand hills to 
Bekishibito, was not studied; the latter, which lies only a short dis- 
tance from the road, on a low rocky hill, was visited and found to 
be the remains of a small pueblo, more or less dilapidated but with 
standing walls. The fragments of pottery in this vicinity are not 
unlike those found at the Black Falls ruins, and the masonry of the 
ruin is almost identical in character. At the time of the writer’s 
visit there was a pool of water, not very inviting even to horses, a 
few hundred feet from this ancient habitation. Numerous sheep 
pasturing in the neighborhood befoul this pool, so that it can not be 
depended on to supply the needs of either men or horses. The road 
(plate 2) follows the valley west of the great Sethlagini mesa, over a 
hill and finally down again to a Navaho cornfield, the owner of which 
served as a guide to the large ruin A. 
a Spanish; vaca, ‘‘cow’’; Navaho: shi, “‘her’’; to, “‘ water’’, 
