14 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 50 
The writer approached this ruin by following the fallen débris at 
the end, where the rooms, being without covering and exposed to 
the elements, are most dilapidated. Over this fallen mass one makes 
his way with difficulty and is often in danger of falling from the cliff. 
On account of the perpendicular face of the cliff below the founda- 
tions of the other end of the ruin, it is impossible to climb into it, 
except from this side. On approaching the ruin there is to be seen 
on the vertical face of the cliff a pictograph (pl. 12) worthy of 
special mention, or rather two pictographs which are doubtless con-. 
nected in meaning. The larger of these is a circle, painted white, 
resembling a shield (a common object in pictographic representation), 
the other a horned animal, perhaps a mountain sheep.“ The figure 
on the shield, which bears evidence of former coloration, represents 
a human being with outstretched arms, the hands being raised to the 
level of the head. On each side of the body are represented two 
designs—a circle of yellow and a crescent in which are parallel bands 
of red, yellow, and probably green. 
The rooms in this cliff-house are rectangular, cubical, or box-like 
structures built against the face of the cliff, which serves as their 
rear wall. There are no towers or round rooms such as those that 
lend picturesqueness to several of the Mesa Verde cliff-dwellings. Few 
of the rooms are more than two stories high, the appearance of 
terraced rooms being given by the varying heights of their foun- 
dations. The masonry is crude, the lines are irregular, and the 
external faces of the walls vertical. The interior wall was probably 
plastéred, and some walls afford good evidence that their exterior 
was formerly covered with mud. 
A marked feature of ruins in this region is the adobe walls sup- 
ported by rows of stakes with interwoven sticks. No adobe bricks 
were seen in the walls examined. 
One of the largest clusters of rooms in this cliff-house (Betatakin) 
stands on a huge rock foundation, the vertical face of which is 
continuous with the wall of masonry of the front building of the 
cluster. (Pl. 11.) The rear wall of the front room is formed by the 
vertical face of the cliff. About half of the roof of this room has gone, 
but several patches still remain even in the broken section. The rooms 
of the higher tier are set against an upright wall. The doorway is on 
one side. The shelf of rock on which this room stands is level with 
a According to Hopi legends, the Horn clans (animals with horns) are kin to the Snake, and formerly 
lived with the Snake clans at Tokénabi. Later they united with the Flute clans at Lengyanobi, and still 
later joined the Snake clans at Walpi. Lengyanobi (‘‘ Pueblo of the Flute’’) is a large ruin north of the 
Hopi mesas. , 
b“ Adobe bricks” with straw, according to Mr. W. B. Douglass, are found at Inscription House near the 
end of the White mesa. The writer has found adobe cubes in some of the walls of Cliff Palace, but these 
contain no straw. 
