FHWKES ] NAVAHO NATIONAL MONUMENT, ARIZONA raat 
POTTERY 
The pottery collected consists of jars, vases, food bowls, and circular 
disks with a row of perforations about the margin. There are also 
dipper handles and broken ladles of the usual shape. Some of these 
specimens are of corrugated ware, others have smooth surfaces with 
painted decoration. The proportion of corrugated and indented ware 
found in the Navaho Monument ruins is about the same as in the 
Mesa Verde National Park. The finest coiled ware was obtained 
from the latter locality. Several fragments of flat dishes, perforated 
on their margins (pl. 15, 6), or colanders having holes in the mid- 
dle, form part of the collection.¢ 
The most instructive form of pottery in the collection brought 
back from northern Arizona is a decorated globular vase of black- 
and-white ware (pl. 16, 6). The decoration on this specimen is not 
confined to the exterior but is found also on the inner surface of the 
lip; it consists mainly of triangles so united as to form hour-glass 
figures. A unique design on this vessel consists of two parallel lines, 
each with dots on one side, suggesting similar bands in red on the 
inner wall of the third story of the square tower of Cliff Palace. 
Three small bowls of crude ware are fluted on the outside, the ridge, 
or fluting, being raised somewhat above the surface of the bowl and 
having a zigzag course. One of the best of these unique ceramic 
forms has this fluting broken into S-shaped figures, as shown in the 
accompanying illustration (pl. 17, a). 
The writer collected also several perforated clay disks which were 
possibly used as spindle whorls, although they may have been 
gaming implements. A similar disk made of mountain-sheep horn 
was found at Kitsiel. 
The largest and one of the finest vases (pl. 18, a) from the neigh- 
borhood of Red Lake is also of black-and-white ware. The deco- 
ration is external and consists of black figures covering the neck 
and upper body. The base is rounded and the lip slightly flaring. 
This vase may have been used for containing water or possibly as a 
receptacle for prayer (corn) meal. The food bowls from Red Lake 
are chiefly of black-and-white ware, the red and yellow varieties 
being less numerous. A common feature in food bowls of this 
region is a handle on one side, as shown in plate 15, d. Some of 
these vessels, although of smooth ware, are without decoration on 
either the exterior or the interior. 
The shallow, slightly concave clay disk’ shown in plate 15, 6, is 
characteristic in possessing a row of holes near the rim. This disk 
a These dishes resemble those sometimes used by the Hopi for sprinkling water on their altars as a 
prayer for rain. They may have been used also in sifting sand on the kiva floor, to form a layer upon 
which the sand picture is later drawn with sands of different colors. 
b Small perforated clay disks are not rare here, as in other ruins. They were used in the same way as 
the horn disk mentioned on page 30. 
