pS. "jfo.' 33]' P^UL BRAVE SITE — WOOD AND WOOLWORTH 57 



ern Middle Missouri area, but are lacking until the time of White 

 contact in the Central Plains. 



Several antler bands from Paul Brave are made from thin strips 

 of antler. The steps in the manufacture of these ornaments have 

 been fully described by Steinbrueck (1906, p. 456-459). These ob- 

 jects are Imown from the Double Ditch site ("Will and Spinden, 1906, 

 p. 172, pi. 36, w-z), where they are also made from antler. Similar 

 specimens are in the collections of the State Historical Society of North 

 Dakota from Slant Village, 32M026. 



Work in shell is relatively rare, the more common articles being 

 disk beads and unperforated disks. The pierced snail shells from 

 Paul Brave are made from local fossils, but otherwise are similar 

 to specimens from Thomas Riggs. Shell disk beads also are shared 

 by both sites. Circular disk beads are in the collections of the State 

 Plistorical Society of North Dakota from the Badwater and North 

 Cannonball sites. Circular disks, some of them probably game pieces, 

 occur at Slant Village, Havens, Stanton Ferry, Hensler, and Demery. 

 Pierced fossil snail shells at Boley, Motsiff, and Badwater include 

 species identified at Paul Brave. 



It may be relevant to mention the grooved sandstone slabs found 

 at Havens, Gaines Ranch, Upper Sanger, and Motsiff, that are in 

 the Historical Society collections. These sandstone slabs have 

 U-shaped grooves as much as 12 mm. wide, and the grooves are fre- 

 quently so smooth that they might be classed as lightly polished. The 

 width of the grooves approximates the diameter of most of the per- 

 forated shell disk beads in the Historical Society collections, and it is 

 possible that they may have functioned to smooth down rough-shaped 

 shell beads. Such may not always have been the case, however, since 

 disk beads occur at Paul Brave and grooved abraders of this character 

 were not recovered. 



OTHER SITES 



Between Stanton, N. Dak., and Kenel, S. Dak., Will and Hecker 

 (1944, pp. 118-121) list nearly fifty "Archaic Mandan" sites. Col- 

 lections are available for a few of the sites in the vicinity of Paul 

 Brave. In general, these collections are small, but those from the 

 Robert Zahn and Havens sites are large enough for limited compari- 

 sons with Paul Brave. 



ROBERT ZAHN SITE (32SI3) 

 ( MAP 1 ) 



Site 32SI3, in the Ei/s SE14 sec. 9, T. 129 N., R. 79 W., covers about 

 10 acres on a level terrace and the adjoining slope of a low hill on the 

 banks of a small stream. It is crossed by a gravel highway and much 

 of it has been plowed. Will and Hecker (1944, p. 89) report that 



