90 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BdU. 189 



GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 



Paste : 



Method of manufacture: The vessels were probably lump modeled and fin- 

 ished with a paddle and anvil. The vessel walls are quite uniform in 

 thickness from the lip to the bottom, but the pots do not appear to have 

 been scraped, since traces of paddle impressions are visible over most 

 of the vessel surface. 

 Temper: Grit, composed of calcined or decomposed granite, consisting of 

 particles of quartz, mica, and feldspar, ranged in diameter from .5 to 2.0 

 mm. Temper is nearly always sparse, and many sherds — particularly 

 those from the smaller vessels — appear to have contained no purposefully 

 included grit. 

 Texture: Smooth to medium fine. The paste is compact and well worked, 

 although many vessels have a tendency to split parallel to the vessel wall. 

 Hardness: 2.5 to 3.0, the majority about 3 (calcite) . 



Color: Light buff to black, ranging through several shades of brown and 

 gray. Characteristically, the sherds are a mottled light buff or gray. 

 Smoke clouding is common, and black, charred organic matter sometimes 

 adheres to the interior or exterior surfaces. 

 SuEFACE FINISH : The entire vessel seems to have been first paddled with a 

 grooved or, more rarely, a cord-wrapped paddle. On the large restored vessel 

 (pi. 14, 6), simple stamps extend from the neck to the base; a number of 

 vessels have vertical or oblique stamps on the outer rim. Shoulders are ver- 

 tically stamped, and an incised or trailed pattern was sometimes applied to 

 them over a partly smoothed surface. In nearly all cases the stamps are at 

 least partly smoothed ; in about 5 percent of the vessels they are unmodified. 

 A few bases are lightly polished, but surfaces are generally dull, with little 

 tendency to reflect light. 

 Foem: 



Lip: Flat to rounded ; a few are pointed and a small number are extruded 



(fig. 13). 

 Rim/neck: Characteristics of these areas vary with the individual groups 



and types (fig. 13). 

 Orifice: The vessel mouth is wide and round in aU observable instances. 

 Shoulder: This area is rounded and steeply sloping, joining the body in a 

 smooth curve. On a few small to medium-sized vessels the shoulders are 

 sharply angular at the juncture with the body (pi. 10, i). 

 Appendages: The loop and strap handles are riveted to the upper shoulder 

 and welded to the lip. Handles on large restored vessel segments are 

 paired on opposite sides of the rim. A number of rim projections (castel- 

 lations) and some applique nodes occur on some groups. Appendages of 

 this character occur in fours, equally spaced around the rim. 



BODY SHERDS 



The majority of the sherds are either simple-stamped or smoothed. 

 Most of them show some smoothing although few may be classed as 

 even lightly polished. Every degree of transition from mimodified 

 stamps through partly smoothed stamps to lightly polished surfaces 

 was observed, sometimes on a single large sherd. All sherds that 

 showed any evidence of stamping were classed as simple-stamped. 

 Sherds were classed as smooth when the surface was so smooth that 



