130 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 189 



previously dominated by the Thomas Riggs and Huff Foci (Wood, 

 MS. b) and is not closely related to either of these complexes. 



There are no cultural predecessors for Demery to the north, but 

 there are no complexes yet described to the south which provide sources 

 for most of the traits that set Demery apart from the Thomas Riggs 

 and Huff Foci. The flared-rimmed pottery at Demery carrying hori- 

 zontally incised lines (Group 2) is related to pottery in sites down- 

 stream along the Missouri River in South Dakota and Nebraska. In 

 1949, Paul Cooper described a pottery complex along the Missouri 

 River in South Dakota which he called Category B (1949, pp. SOS- 

 SOB) , and demonstrated the wide geographic and temporal distribution 

 of the rim design occurring on this pottery. The importance and the 

 complexity of Category B are being revealed as the excavation and 

 analysis of the many sites in the Fort Randall and Oahe Reservoirs 

 in South Dakota have proceeded. A number of sites and foci have 

 been described that are related to this complex and to Demery, includ- 

 ing the Arzberger site (Spaulding, 1956) ; the La Roche and Scalp 

 Creek sites, assigned to the La Roche Focus by Hurt (1952; see also 

 Meleen, 1948) ; the Myers site (Hoard, 1949) ; the Shannon Focus, as 

 represented at the Spain site (Smith and Grange, 1958) ; the Akaska 

 Focus, as represented at the Swan Creek and the Payne sites (Hurt, 

 1957; Wilmeth, 1958) ; and sites of the Redbird Focus, north central 

 Nebraska (Wood, MS., 1956). This brief review of related sites 

 makes it evident that the primary orientation of Demery is to the 

 south (see map 6) ; only a few traits at Demery indicate relationships 

 to the north. 



Arzberger appears to predate sites of the La Roche Focus and prob- 

 ably is at least in part ancestral to that complex. The pottery from 

 Arzberger is complex and heterogeneous, but his analysis of the 

 pottery modes at the site led Spaulding (1956, pp. 111-168) to the con- 

 clusion that there is only one occupation represented in the remains. 

 The situation at Demery is comparable in that there are a great many 

 varieties of pottery, but the majority of excavated material is at- 

 tributed to a single occupation. The pottery at Arzberger was simple- 

 stamped, cord-roughened, or check-stamped. All of these techniques 

 occur at Demery, but only simple-stamping was of any importance: 

 only one-half of 1 percent of the pottery was cord-roughened, and 

 there was a single check-stamped body sherd. 



The Arzberger pottery was divided into two groups, the Arzberger 

 Group (collared rims) and the Hughes Group (straight or outflaring 

 rims). Certain collared rims of the type Arzberger Horizontal In- 

 cised are similar to the horizontally incised rims from Demery with 

 recurved rims and a pinched or punctated lower border (Group 8), 

 and the collared Arzberger Opposed Diagonal rims are similar to the 



