210 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 189 



angular, while still others were not too discriminating and used what- 

 ever shape of sandstone came to hand. Probably too much stress 

 has been brought to bear upon implement shape by both the profes- 

 sional archeologist and the amateur. They both fail to take into con- 

 sideration that they are not only dealing with inanimate objects but 

 with human personalities as well and it is the latter that are the real 

 determining factor. Personal likes and dislikes play a distinct role in 

 the implement form and use according to the type of material to be 

 utilized. 



Handstones. — Several roundish stones were recovered not only from 

 cache pits but from the general site. These have been classified as 

 handstones because they display a certain amount of wear. Five of 

 these are outstanding in that they were pecked and then smoothed. 

 They are roughly circular in shape and resemble, to a certain extent, 

 stone balls. None of the edges have been battered even though they 

 show considerable wear, which would appear to indicate that such 

 pieces were never used as hammerstones but were probably used for 

 pounding a resilient substance such as softening a dried up animal 

 hide, dried beef during the manufacture of pemmican, or even soft 

 berries. One specimen, in particular (field specimen No. 2014), ap- 

 pears to have had a fatty substance driven into the cortex of the stone 

 giving it a distinct color and feel. Maximum lengths of these hand- 

 stones range from 55 mm. to 81 mm. Minimum lengths range from 

 51 mm. to Y5 mm. Maximum thickness varies from 34 mm. to 57 mm. 



Another form of handstone is represented by a single specimen. It 

 is disk shaped and almost circular in outline with opposing faces. One 

 of its faces is almost flat and the other is a flattish dome with a shallow 

 central pit sunk into it. The pitted face shows no evidence of having 

 ever been used as a grinding tool. The pit probably served as a finger 

 hold. Maximum and minimum lengths are 52 mm. and 50 mm. Maxi- 

 mum thiclmess is 34 mm. 



Utilized pebbles. — Small river hardheads were among the stones 

 present within the site. Most of them are oval in outline and some- 

 what flattish. In many cases the ends of the long axis had been pecked 

 or show that they were utilized as either light hammerstones or used 

 to peck away irregularities on the faces of other stones to be utilized 

 as tools. 



Then too, there are those that have one of their flat faces rubbed very 

 smooth and somewhat polished. Such tools were probably used in 

 the manufacture of pottery since they could have easily functioned 

 as an anvil opposite the paddle used in shaping clay into vessels. 



Others are ^gg shaped with a tendency towards flatness. Both of 

 the flat faces bear a number of parallel scars at right angles to the main 

 axis and cover an area roughly 27 mm. in diameter. These surfaces 



