328 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 189 



others are so insignificant as to warrant but little comment. These 

 latter produced so few artifacts and so little archeological data that 

 no more may be said than that they are probably places where aborig- 

 inal peoples of unknown affiliation have camped at some unknown time. 

 A third group of these sites did, though, provide sufficient information, 

 when excavated, to support cultural identification and thus warrant 

 rather full descriptions here. 



The following analyses of sites include only those in the third 

 group, the sites that were partially or fully excavated in the 1957 

 season. As 6 of these 10 sites have more than 1 component, they will 

 be described in the order in which they were investigated, rather than 

 in the order of cultural sequence. The Woodson County sites are 

 described first, followed by the Greenwood County sites. 



Five culture complexes have been identified in the Toronto Reser- 

 voir area. These are : Archaic (5000 to 200 B.C.) ; Kansas City Hope- 

 well (200 B.C. to A.D. 500) ; Plains Woodland (A.D. 500 to 900) ; 

 Aksarben (A.D. 1100 to 1500) ; and Great Bend (A.D. 1500 to ITOO). 

 The dates given in parentheses are provisional and subject to any re- 

 visions which new information may suggest. 



Site 14WO203 



This site is located on a slight rise on the northwest side of the 

 Verdigris River (fig. 59). It is bounded on the northeast by an 

 abandoned railroad grade, on the southeast by the Verdigris River, 

 and on the southwest and northwest by an oxbow lake. An area 

 of refuse concentration approximately 150 feet in length by 140 feet 

 in width lay near the center of the site. The entire site has an over- 

 all length of 900 feet. Long utilization of the site for agricultural 

 purposes has obliterated any traces of surface features, if they were 

 ever present (fig. 60). 



EXCAVATIONS 



Johnson and his party tested this site by means of three 5-foot- 

 square test pits. Two of these were carried to a depth of 1.5 feet, 

 and a third to a depth of 2.0 feet. Arbitrary levels of 0.5 foot were 

 maintained during the excavation. As agricultural operations had 

 obliterated all traces of these test pits by the time the site was 

 mapped in 1957, the locations of these pits do not appear on the site 

 plan. 



In the summer of 1957, Howard and his party further tested the site 

 by means of three more 5-foot-square test pits, placed in areas of 

 greatest surface concentration and artifacts. Two of these were 

 carried to a depth of 4.0 feet, and one to a depth of 2.0 feet. In the 

 first of these, no artifacts were recovered below the surface until a 



