pip ?fo' is]' TORONTO RESERVOIR AREA, KANS. — HOWARD 331 



obtained. This specimen was found in Howard's test pit 1 at a depth 

 of 1 foot. The point of the drill is 2 mm. wide. It has a maximmn 

 thickness of 6 mm., measured at the point where this portion was 

 broken off, and a maximum width of 15 mm., measured at the same 

 place. 



Graver. — One graver, suitable for incising wood or bone, was 

 obtained by Johnson in his testing. It has been fashioned from an ir- 

 regularly shaped flake of gray Flint Hills chert. The only modifica- 

 tion of the flake is in the point itself, which is extremely narrow. The 

 width of the point is 2 mm. ; the width of the base 20 mm. ; and the 

 length of the tool 33 mm. Its maximum thickness is 3 mm. 



Blades. — The bases of three blades were recovered, two from the 

 surface of the site and one from one of Johnson's test pits. The largest 

 blade fragment is of gray Flint Hills chert (pi. 51, g) . It is rounded, 

 indicating that the complete blade may have been pyriform in shape. 

 It is 47 mm. in width and has a maximum thickness of 11 mm. A 

 second rounded base, also of gray Flint Hills chert, measures 28 mm. 

 in width and has a maximum thickness of 6 mm. The third basal 

 fragment has a contracting stem with a rounded base. This piece is of 

 pink chert. Its dimensions are : maximum width, 29 mm., maximum 

 width of stem, 22 mm., maximum thickness, 5 mm. 



End scrapers. — Five objects of this sort were collected. Three are 

 of gray Flint Hills chert, two are of pink chert. In all examples the 

 working end is thicker and has been sharpened by the removal of flakes 

 almost at right angles to the plane of the artifact. Two of the scrapers 

 are pyriform in outline, one is trianguloid, and the remaining two, 

 fragments, appear to have been rectanguloid when complete. Lengths 

 of the pyriform specimens are 51 and 72 mm., maximum widths are 30 

 and 42 mm., and maximum thicknesses are 10 and 14 mm., respectively 

 (pi. 51, A-, ^). The trianguloid specimen, which appears to be the re- 

 worked tip of a projectile point, measures 24 mm. in length by 17 mm. 

 in width, with a maximum thickness of 4 mm. (pi. 51, j) . The maxi- 

 mum widths of the rectanguloid specimens are 40 and 20 mm., their 

 maximum thicknesses 7 and 6 mm. (pi. 51, Z;, I) . 



Flake scraper. — One fragmentary artifact bearing traces of second- 

 ary chipping along two edges was recovered. It is made of gray Flint 

 Hills chert, is quite irregular in form, and has a planoconvex cross sec- 

 tion. It is 43 mm. long, 33 mm. wide, and has a maximum thickness of 

 14 mm. 



Chopper.— OnQ fragmentary chopper, made from a fine-grained 

 green quartzite, was found on the surface of the site. The flaking 

 is entirely of the percussion type, and is restricted to the edges of the 

 specimen. The edges show evidence of repeated pounding, indicating 

 a possible secondary use as a hammerstone. Dimensions: width at 

 point of breakage, 48 mm., maximum thickness, 18 mm. 



