FBWKES] ANTIQUITIES OF MESA VERDE NATIONAL PARK 11 



(PI. 1.) This enumeration begins at the north end and passes thence 

 to the south end of the ruin, but in one or two instances this order is 

 not followed. The author has given below a brief reference to some 

 of the imjiortant secular rooms in the series. 



The foundations of room 1 were apparently built on a fallen 

 bowlder, the entrance being reached by means of a series of stone 

 steps built into the side hill. The floor of this room is on the level 

 of the second story of other rooms, being continuous with the top of 

 kiva A. It is probable that when this kiva was constructed it was 

 found impossible to make it subterranean on account of the solid 

 rock. A retaining wall was' built outside the kiva and the inter- 

 vening space was filled with earth in order to impart to the room a 

 subterranean character. 



Room 2 has three stories, or tiers, of rooms. The floor of the sec- 

 ond story, Avhich is the roof of the first, is well preserved, the sides of 

 the hatchwa}', or means of passage from one room to the one below it, 

 being almost entire. This room possesses a feature which is unique. 

 The base of its south wall is supported by curved timbers, whose 

 ends rest on walls, while the middle is supported by a pillar of ma- 

 sonry. (PL 8.) The T-shaped door in this wall faces south. It is 

 difficult to understand how the aperture could have been of any use 

 as a doorway unless there was a balcony below it, and no sign of 

 such structure is now visible. The west wall of rooms 2 and 3 was 

 built on top of a fallen rock from which it rises precipitously to a 

 considerable height. The floor of room 4, which lies in front of kiva 

 A, is on a level with the roof of the kiva, and somewhat higher than 

 the surface of the neighboring plaza but not higher than the roof 

 of the first story. As the floors of room 1 and room 4 are on the 

 same level, it would appear that both were consiflerably elevated or 

 so constructed otherwise that the kiva should be subterranean. This 

 endeavor to render the kiva subterranean by building up around it, 

 when conditions made it impossible to excavate in the solid rock, is 

 paralleled in some other Mesa Verde ruins. 



The Aentilator of kiva A, as will be seen later, does not open 

 through the front wall, as is usually the case, but on one side. This 

 is accounted for by the presence of a room on this side of the kiva. 

 Rooms 2, 3, 4 were constructed after the walls of kiva A Avere built, 

 hence several modifications were necassary in the prescribed plan of 

 building these rooms. 



The foundation of the inclosure, 5, conforms on one side to the 

 outer wall of the village, and on the other to the curvature of kiva B. 

 As this inclosure does not seem ever to have been roofed, it is probable 

 that it was not a house. A fireplace at one end indicates that cooking 

 was formerly done here. It is instructive to note that the front wall 

 of the ruin begins at this place. 



