ROBBINS, HARRINGTON 

 FKEI RE-MARRECU 



•] ETHNOBOTANY OF THE TEWA INDIANS 41 



JhipoVi^ 'Jiiniperus monosperma flower' (/m, Junipenis inono- 



sperma; poWi., flower). 

 ITlLwo {hu, Juniperus monosperma; wo ( ?)). 

 Junipenis scopulorum. New Mexican Spanish cedro. 

 The wood of this tree is red. 



Pado^ 'deer piiion' (^^, mule deer; to^ piiion tree). 

 Picea engelmanni. Engehnann Spruce. 

 This tree is found at the higher deviations where deer are more 

 plentiful. It is said that deer are fond of staying among these trees. 



l^wa^y (cognate with Jemez kwg,, Pinus brachyptera). 

 Pinus hrachyptera. Rock Pine, Western Yellow Pine. New 

 Mexican Spanish pina^)ete. (See pi. 2, S.) 

 At Hano two yiopeyhda (yum, rock pine; kala, leaf), 'rock-pine 

 leaves,' is attached to each of the prav^er-f eathers, j^eZe, which are pre- 

 pared during the t'mital ceremonies in December. Branches of rock 

 pine for this purpose are fetched by a runner. 



To (cf. to, pinon nut). 



Pinus edidis, Piiion Pine, Nut Pine. New Mexican Spanish 

 pinon. 



Pinon pine is the commonest tree on the lower mesas. It is much 

 used as firewood. 



The nuts, generally roasted for eating, were formerly an important 

 food. After corn harvest, about October 15, many of the Santa 

 Clara people go to the mountains for several daj^s to gather pinon 

 nuts. The}" are also bought from Mexican peddlers * and eaten raw 

 on festive occasions." The Navaho bring them for sale to Hano, as 

 they do to Jemez and the Keresan pueblos, and the Indian storekeepers 

 also sell them. 



At Hano the resin of the piiion, iokwse (kwse, gun^ balsam), is used 

 for mending cracked water-jars, also for excluding the air from cuts 

 and sores. The resin of piiion or of another conifer is sometimes 

 smeared over earthenware canteens to make them watertight. Com- 

 pare this with the resin-coated basket canteens of southern Arizona. 



At Santa Clara id is said to be the oldest tree, and its nuts the oldest 

 food of the people. It was the result of going up on the western 

 mesa and eating the fallen pinon nuts that the people " first knew 

 north and west and south and east." 



Jui'qnae, 'smooth leaf {ka, leaf; '<//?«, smoothness). 

 Pinus fexilis. White Pine. 



'Benavides {^Memorial, 1630, pp. 47-48) says that pinon nuts from New Mexico were traded to 

 Mexico: ' ' Los arboles de pifiones que son de diferente especie de los de Espana, porquc son grandes, 

 y tieriios de partir, y los drboles, y pinas cliicas, y es tanta la cautidad, que parece inacawable, y de 

 tanta estima, que vale la fanega en Mexico &. veinte y tres, y veinte y cuatro pesos, y los que lo 

 bueluen fi, vender giinan en ellos." 



2 Cf. Hough, Amer. Anthr., x, p. 40, Washington, 1897. 



