88 BUEEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 55 



on behalf of the village; the clowns {Jcosakojala) also wear meal-bags 

 and occasionally sprinkle from them.^ 



When the people have planted for a chief and he exhibits his ¥y,ly,y^a, 

 ' dressed corn ' (fc'^%?;, corn; 'a, clothing, dressed), all the people throw 

 corn-meal and pray to it. 



Two kinds of ritual " road," p'oloy^ are made with corn-meal. One 

 is a line drawn along the path by which visitors are ritually invited to 

 enter — Hmhlp'oloy 'qyJco, ' their road lies for them ' {p'oloy, road; ''or), 

 it for them; ko, to lie) — whereas a path is ritually closed by a line of 

 meal drawn across it — mltsala, ' it is cut ' (^i^, it; i^s«, tocut; ?«, modal). 

 The other kind of road is a line of meal with a feathered cottoft string 

 lying on it (or a feathered cotton string carried in a man's hand with 

 a pinch of meal), by which absent persons, game animals, etc., are 

 invited to travel to the village. 



At the naming of a child or adult ( ? female onl}^), the face, breast, 

 and hands are powdered with corn meal, and the walls of the room 

 should be '^ painted" with meal in four places; the impersonator of 

 the sun, taru^nno^ " paints " certain houses with meal when he makes 

 his rounds in February. 



Cooking op Cokn Products 



The following preparations of corn, among others, are eaten by the 

 Tewa of Hano: 



Moioa (Rio Grande Tewa, hmva), wafer bread (New Mexican Spanish 

 guallahe), the piJci of the Hopi.^ It is a staple article of food, being 

 eaten at the ordinary household meals, and supplied to shepherds and 

 travelers as their provision {hsegi); at dances and ceremonies the per- 

 formers are refreshed with mowa brought to them by their female 

 relations; immense piles of mowa are given as return presents {wo''a^ 

 pay) from one household to another. 



In most households moioa is made once a week or once a fortnight 

 and stored in a box, from which it is dealt out by the mother or eldest 

 daughter as it is needed. Parties of women meet to make mowa in 

 one another's houses. 



iTorquemada's informant from San Gabriel (1601) writes: "At daybreak the women go with meal 

 and feathers to certain toscas stones, which they have set up, and throw them a little of tlie meal 

 wUch they are carrying and some of those little feathers, with the intent that they should keep them 

 [the women] safe that day so that they may not fall from the ladders, and also that they should give 

 them dresses (mawtas)." 



Benavides says (1630) that the Pueblo Indians before going out to fight oflered " meal and other 

 things" to the scalps of enemies whom they had slain; that they offered meal to the heads of deer, 

 hares, rabbits, and other dead animals before hunting, and to the river before fishing. Women who 

 desired lovers offered meal to stones or sticks which they set up for the purpose on hillocks at a 

 distance from the pueblo. 



2The Zuni recipes for wafer bread ("he'we"), tortillas ("he'yahoniwe", dumplings, light bread 

 ("he'palokia "=^uwak'o), doughnuts ("mu'tsikowe"), hominy ( = "chu'tsikwanawe"), roasted 

 sweetcorn (mi'lo'we), popped corn ("ta'kunawe"), are given by Mrs. Stevenson. (See The Zuni 

 Indians, pp. 361-367, and Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, passim.) 



