ROBBiNS HARRINGTON, -| ETHNOBOTANY OF THE TEWA INDIANS 105 



FREIRE-MAKRECO J 



reproved, and a dance of all the children in the pueblo was ordered in 

 expiation of the scandal. 



The Tewa say that the people of the Temdqyvn^ the down-river 

 (Keres) pueblos {Tema,, Keres; 'Q7??6-^, pueblo), smoke much more than 

 they themselves do. It is rare for Tewa women to smoke. 



The tobacco, sa^ smoked at Hano differs slightly in flavor from the 

 New Mexican sa} It is called iowasa and po'se.sa (see above), to dis- 

 tinguish it from commercial tobacco. It is smoked in pipes, saku^ 

 some of native and others of commercial make, and in corn-husk ciga- 

 rettes. Dresses and ornaments prepared for dances, prayer-feathers, 

 feather "roads," and many other ritual objects are smoked over with 

 imoasa before they are used. During ceremonies and rehearsals the 

 ty,njmoa (temporary or permanent religious officers) smoke, using a 

 tobacco-bag, samu, and pipes provided by the ty,njoy who is in charge 

 at the time. All requests and proposals made to a tiinjoy should be 

 prefaced by giving him tobacco and "making him smoke." 



Tobacco is presented to the men in the estufa with the yfovi\.^,s^7in8e,m 

 biyk'e; \Mp'iwe'mi, h'mo, Hkivsento, 'men, set it down; you will 



smoke, it will rain very much' (s^nnsey, men; hiy, ye 3H it; Fe, to 



set down; 'ofe/, ye 3 — yourselves; p'hve, smoke; 7ni, future postiix; 

 'm^?, very much; '/, 3d pers. sing, reflexive; I'wsc, rain; to, future 

 postflx) . 



When men pass the pipe to each other on ritual cccasions, they ex- 

 change kinship terms. Thus, a man fills and lights the pipe and hands 

 it to another, saying, Jiqiltonia, 'my father' (??a, I; H, possessive; tfUa, 

 father); and he replies nabVe, 'my child' {nq., I; fe/, possessive; '^, 

 child). 



The Tobacco clan, Sahnna, is one of the three leading clans at Hano- 

 the other two being the Bear clan, Keloioa, and the Corn clan, ICuIiin, 

 towa. The chiefs, tiinjowa, of these clans are also chiefs of the whole 

 village. In ceremonies which concern the village the satovmtunjoy 

 brings tobacco, while the Bear clan and Corn clan chiefs bring medi- 

 cine and corn-meal. When a party of hachina visit the ty,vjonte''^, 

 'chiefs' estufa,' the satowaty,njoy smokes on them. 



The smoking of iowasa is connected with the 'thought' or 'inten- 

 tion' (pindy, ''qnl-jaioo) of a t^njon. The late chief of the Hopi Corn 

 clan at Moenkapi, who was also the village chief, l-!Tcmy,ynyi, was a 

 woman; she smoked much, hence, unlike other women, she was credited 

 w'\i\\ pynqy by the Hano men. 



The older men smoke iowasa for pleasure or from motives of econ- 

 omy, while the younger men smoke commercial tobacco in cigarettes 

 to excess, both in the estufa and at home. A certain religious impor- 



■ Owing to the season only dried and broken specimens could be obtained. "The Hopi gather two 

 species of tobacco, Nicotianafrigonophi/lla Duval and N. aftfnuatnTorr." They also fetch wild tobacco 

 from the Little Colorado. (Hough, The Hopi and their Plant Environment, Ayner. Anihr., x, 1S97, 

 p. 38.) 



