50 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 37 
above the bottom, at the north end, were the leg bones of one 
person, laid in a close pile. On the natural level, 5 feet south of these 
bones, were teeth of infants or young children, in three different places, 
but all within an area a foot in diameter. No traces of bones were 
around them. 
No accurate count, or close estimate, could be made of the number 
of bodies or skeletons unearthed; but there were at least forty. 
A greater number of hammerstones and rubbing stones was found 
loose in the earth in this mound than in any three other mounds 
opened during the season. 
The mound was composed entirely of subsoil or tough clay, very 
different from the soil of mounds nos. 2 and 4, which were built of 
surface earth from the narrow ridge and adjacent slopes, leaving only 
the underlying clay for the construction of the mound now under 
consideration. 
The central grave was probably the nucleus with which this general 
burial mound began. Not only the deposits of bones at various levels, 
but also horizontal or slightly curved streaks, like old sod lines, a foot 
or so apart vertically in several places, indicated varying periods of 
interruption of the work of construction. 
MOUND NO. 4 
The fourth mound, 190 feet north of the third, was 10 feet in height 
and 70 feet in diameter. An area 20 feet in diameter, in the central 
part, was cleared out. The natural surface and the sod line were very 
distinct, and as material taken up outside for erecting the structure 
included both dark soil and yellow subsoil, each separate deposit 
could be definitely traced. The amount carried at a load varied 
from half a peck to a peck. 7 
At a distance of 3 feet south of the center, 5 feet above the bottom, 
was a “cocoanut pot”’ of half a gallon capacity, which had been placed 
there entire, in an upright position; the size of the specimen is unusual. 
Distant 25 feet from the north margin was the north side of an 
elliptical grave 8 feet 2 inches east and west, 3 feet 8 inches north 
and south, at the top, and 18 inches deep. At each end of the grave 
were four flat rocks, not on the natural surface, but about a foot above 
it on deposited earth. One of these was half of a sandstone mortar. 
The yellow subsoil was scattered on the original surface for five or six 
feet on every side. In places it split off smooth and flat on the under 
side, because of the presence of a thin streak of white sand beneath it; 
this does not belong on the hills and was probably carried there from 
the river and sprinkled over the ground as a part of the ceremony. 
A heavy rain had fallen while the grave was still open, and another 
after it was filled but before work on the tumulus had been begun. 
The bottom of the grave measured 6 feet 10 inches long by 3 feet 
wide. Marks, still very plain, showed the excavating tools were 
