60 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [ BULL. 37 
The earth of the mound was much mixed, humus, soil, and subsoil 
appearing within the compass of a cubic foot or less. There were 
also many stones, sometimes one alone, apparently dumped in; 
sometimes two or three rather regularly laid, probably grave markers; 
occasionally ten or twelve in a pavement as if a body had rested on 
or under them. 
An unusual feature was observed in this tumulus, one that has 
been reported only three or four times in the whole history of mound 
exploration. After its completion it had been reopened to a depth of 
4 feet below its present summit, and consequently to a greater depth 
from its former apex. This excavation was basin shaped, 15 feet in 
diameter; the bottom was lined with small flat stones, on which sev- 
eral bodies were placed and covered with earth upon which a level pave- 
ment of similar stones was laid. The mound was then restored to its 
original form and a stratum of earth, mostly subsoil, spread all over 
it. The earth above the bottom stones of this intrusive burial was 
not of the same character as that below them, being looser and darker. 
Thus, the curved lower layer of stones, the level upper layer, and the 
addition of earth on the top, prove the upper part to be a later ceme- 
tery of mound-building Indians; but there was no means of deciding 
whether it was the work of the same tribe that built the mound in the 
first place, or of subsequent dwellers in the locality. 
A section across the center of the structure, showing the secondary 
burial pit and also two graves in the undisturbed part of the mound, 
toward the west, is represented in plate 9, 6. 
Some bones in the secondary pit had stones placed over them; 
others were in clear earth. Beside one of the skulls, which lay 
_ between stones above and below, directly under the apex, was a 
piece of a large sea shell having the edges worked smooth, and a 
piece of ocher. The best preserved bone in the entire tumulus was a 
partially decayed lower jaw from this pit. 
On the crest of the ridge, under the center of the mound, was a 
grave intermediate in form between an ellipse and a rectangle, the 
outline being not quite regular. This measured about 5 feet east and 
west, 3 feet north and south, and 2 feet deep; it was filled with loose 
sandy loam so dry as to be almost dusty—material in which bones 
should be well preserved; yet the only contents consisted of traces of 
bark, like ashes, and a few spots here and there of coarse brown dust 
which required a magnifying glass to prove it was all that remained 
of a skeleton. 
Nothing more was found in the structure except a few rocks and 
fragmentary decayed bones. 
A fourth of a mile east of these mounds, on the highest part of the 
hill, are two others, now about 3 and 4 feet high, respectively. Both 
