8 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 193 



Indian and study of photographs and descriptive notes of vessels at 

 the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. Return- 

 ing to the sherd count, percentages were computed and a stratigraphic 

 analysis of the material by trenches was made. Finally, with the 

 varieties and types well solidified, all grave lots and caches with more 

 than one vessel were typed in an effort to test certain conclusions 

 suggested by the stratigraphic analysis. Stone, bone, shell, and metal 

 content of the graves and caches was noted, but a full analysis of the 

 nonceramic material was not attempted at that time. 



As a last step in the ceramic analysis, the cache and grave material 

 at He-1 was reexamined and the Azuero design style sherds there 

 were sorted, and the cache and grave ceramics at He-2 were typed 

 and the sherds sorted. Willey and Stoddard's detailed type descrip- 

 tions then were consolidated into the sections of the report dealing with 

 the Gir6n(Co-2) and Delgado (He-8) sites. 



Technique.- — ^In describing shapes, eight basic categories were ad- 

 hered to, e.g., plates, shallow open bowls, deep bowls, collared and 

 collarless jars, bird effigy jars, bottles, and miscellaneous items such 

 as pot covers and incensarios. In some cases (e.g., plates and shallow 

 bowls, bowls versus jars) the categories overlap in the sense that an 

 individual vessel might be placed in one as well as another, but since 

 the classification was made for descriptive purposes only and not for 

 statistical comparison, this overlapping is inconsequential. Measure- 

 ments of maximum diameter, maximum height and in some cases of 

 minimum orifice were taken in the metric system to the nearest 0.5 

 centimeter. Pedestal heights were noted. Handles are categorized 

 as either loop (circular cross section) or strap (flattened cross section), 

 and their location (shoulder, rim, etc.) and position (vertically placed 

 or horizontally placed) were noted. Bases are described as either 

 plain or mimodified: i.e., as having varying degrees of roundness; a 

 ring, that is with a low annular base generally not more than 1-1.5 

 cm. in height; and pedestal, a category which ranged from a short 

 collarlike base to the tall flaring pedestals which sometimes account 

 for as much as )i to % of total vessel height. Such distinctions as 

 were made within the latter category, i.e., "collarlike," "low," "tall," 

 should be clear from the illustrations of the material. 



Sherds of those complete vessels which arrived for study in a 

 fragmentary condition were examined under magnification for temper 

 characteristics, but only gross distinctions between crushed rock, 

 sherd, and sand were attempted. Paste firing color was noted and 

 the range of hues follows the Munsell Soil Color Charts (Munsell 

 Color Co., Baltimore, 1954). Paste and surface finish colors for the 

 Giron and Delgado sites were described by Willey and Stoddard 

 according to the Maerz and Paul system (Maerz and Paul, 1930) 



