Ladd] PARITA AND SANTA MARIA ARCHEOLOGY, PANAMA 131 



Red Line vessels on the basis of decoration (design elements in red 

 are absent in the Red and White ware) and, in some cases, size, 

 shape, and handle type. Temper, like that of the Red Line ware, 

 is crushed rock, but there appears to be a higher incidence of black 

 particles in the Red and White ware, and the paste is more often 

 fired to a dark red hue (Munsell 2.5YR, 4/6-3/6). Two shapes at 

 He-4 were recognized on the basis of rim sherds; one, a large collared 

 jar or urn with loop handles, and the other, an open bowl with sharply- 

 incurving rim as illustrated for the Red-buff ware sherd of the same 

 shape (see fig. 51, I). 



The collared jars must have been large, heavy vessels. The rim 

 diameter alone of one representative fragment is estimated at 50 cm. 

 and the handles, placed horizontally on the shoulder, had a diameter 

 of 4 cm. and a length of 22 cm. Wall thickness averaged 1 cm. 

 The rim, upper shoulder, and handles are covered with an unpolished 

 cream to white slip, and the handles are often decorated with an 

 applique lizard which in turn may be embellished with reed puncta- 

 tions (see fig. 51, a). The lower shoulder is covered with a thick, 

 bright, polished red slip; the remainder of the body and base are 

 unknown. 



One typical example of the open bowl form rim sherds has an esti- 

 mated diameter of 38 cm. and a thickness of 6-8 mm. A cream slip 

 extends from the angle of the shoulder down to the base, but both the 

 entire interior and the exterior of the lip and shoulder are red slipped. 

 Another sherd of the same shape has a loop handle horizontally placed 

 on the rim above the shoulder with a slashed node at either end. In 

 this case, the handle and adjacent shoulder area are cream slipped (the 

 remainder of the fragment is red slipped) , a treatment which is analo- 

 gous to that employed in Red-buff angled shoulder bowls where the 

 handle and adjacent area are left unslipped. Since the number of 

 sherds recognized as Red and White ware is so small, and its relation- 

 ship to the Creamed-slip category discussed briefly below is unclear, 

 I have hesitated to set it up on a formal varietal status. I do not 

 know of any published examples of it, nor is its chronological position 

 clear. It is definitely related in shape, handle treatment, and place- 

 ment of slipped areas to the Red-buff open bowls with incurved rims. 

 Likewise, the collared jar sherds are similar in shape and manipulation 

 of slipped areas (the white slipped area of the Red and White vessels 

 corresponds to the unslipped, or buff-cream-slipped areas of the 

 Red-buff) to the Red-buff class "e" collared jars of Mound II. The 

 upper shoulder (including the handle and, in the case of collared jars, 

 the coUar) was frequently differentiated from the main body exterior, 

 either by leaving those upper portions unslipped, or by adding a buff', 

 cream, or white slip. 



