134 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 193 



ware (Lothrop, 1942, pp. 158-166) or Willey and Stoddard's Delgado 

 Red (Willey and Stoddard, 1954) and, in part, on the sherd lots at the 

 EI Hatillo site. Complete vessels, when available, naturally were 

 included in the analysis, but definition of categories rests primarily 

 on the material in sherd form. As a result, four main groups of sherds 

 were distinguished: Red-buff (including Delgado Red shapes);*^ Code 

 Red; Red Daubed Buff; and Smoked ware. A smaller group of thixi, 

 buff unsmoothed vessels, as well as other miscellaneous unslipped 

 shapes, was also distinguished. Of these, the Red-buff group is by 

 far the largest (about 12,000 sherds) and the loosest, for it may include 

 within it a number of paste and vessel form correlations, or categories 

 based on fine distinctions which were not attempted in the present 

 analysis. Temper was noted for all whole vessels (in all cases it was 

 crushed rock), but not in the sherd analysis. In the latter, the sherds 

 were divided into the four groups mentioned above on the basis of 

 gross distinctions. 



Thus, sherds were classified as Code Red if they had a light gray 

 paste, because paste fired to this gray hue (Munsell lOYR, 8/1 to 

 7/1-2) is consistently associated with polychrome sherds of unmis- 

 takable Code design and is not present in those of the El Hatillo, 

 Macaracas, Parita, or unassigned varieties discussed earlier. Addi- 

 tional diagnostics for Code Red were the "drooping lip," the "gutter 

 rim," and other distinctive rim shapes discussed by Lothrop in his 

 second volume on Sitio Conte. Sherds with a cream-buff slip, a brown 

 or tan paste (Munsell 7.5YR, 5/4-4/4), and often with interior brushing 

 were classified as Red Daubed Buff, again on the basis that these char- 

 acteristics are associated with the Red Daubed variety. Finally, 

 chocolate brown or black sherds with polished surfaces (not sherds 

 heavily carboned by exposure to fire other' than that used in the firing 

 process of manufacture) were classified as Smoked ware. 



Within each of these groups, shapes as indicated by rim sherds, 

 appendages such as handles, lugs, feet, ring or pedestal bases, and 

 plastic surface treatment (incision, punctation, etc.) were noted. 



Red-buff Type 



Sample.- — ^12,002 sherds; 80 whole vessels or large fragments. 



Paste.- — The temper is crushed rock, white and black, similar to the 

 polychrome wares with occasional inclusions of hematite. The paste 

 is generally fired to a brick red, although darker cores occasionally 



'2 These shapes as defined by Willey and Stoddard for He-8 include collarless jars with constricted orifice 

 and often with loop handles; collared jars; small open bowls; and plates or shallow bowls. All of these in 

 addition to a number of others were represented in Red-bufI Ware at He-4. Red-buff shapes at He-4 which 

 are not Included in the Delgado Red category are collared jars classes "d" and "e," median flange collars, 

 bottles, and bird effigy jars. 



