ILLUSTEATIONS 



PLATES 

 (All plates except frontispiece follow p. 172) 



Frontispiece. Oto and Ponca Indians. 



1. Shoo-de-ga-cha (Tlie Smoke) , chief of the Ponca tribe. 



2. Mong-shong-sha, wife of Great Chief. 



3. Hee-lah-dee, wife of The Smoke. 



4. Hongs-kay-dee, son of The Smoke. 



5. "Punka Indians encamped on the banks of the Missouri." 



6. Ponca-Dakota battle as drawn by To-tay-go-nai. 



7. Group of Ponca men with their agent. 



8. Big Snake and Antoine. 



9. Four Ponca chiefs. 



10. Standing-bear. 



11. Ponca delegation to Washington, 1877. 



12. Shu'-de'ga'xe and Mo°-chu'hi"'xte. 



13. Xi-tha'-ca-be and Te-zhe'-ba-te. 



14. Two types of Ponca burials. 



15. We'-ga-ca-pi and Mi'-xa-to^-ga. 



16. Part of the 1906 Southern Ponca delegation. 



17. Ponca ceremonials. 



18. Scenes in the Ponca country. 



19. Housing and settlements of the Northern Ponca. 



20. Northern Ponca types. 



21. Peter LeClaire, the Ponca historian. 



22. Items of Northern Ponca material culture. 



23. Southern Ponca scenes. 



24. Southern Ponca types. 



TEXT FIGURES 



PAGE 



1. Ponca "straight" dancer 63 



2. Southern Ponca "fancy" dancer 65 



3. Southern Ponca peyote "roadman" and Ponca girl 67 



4. Ponca kinship system, Ego male (facing) 82 



5. Diagram of a Ponca Mescal Bean society meeting 122 



MAP 



1. Author's conception of Ponca territory 2 



VI 



