INDEX 



179 



Elm (tree) — Continued 



saddle frames from, 49 



slippery, 54 

 Emporia, Kans., 34 

 Encampments, Sun Dance, 57 

 Enemies, 25 



hands removed from, 138, 140 



head removed from, 6, 138, 140 



See also Warfare. 

 English language, 162 



accepted by Ponca, 7, 70, 162, 103 

 Entryway, covered, 56 

 Ethics, code of, 98 (list) 

 Europeans, 4, 42 

 Explorers, 27 



European, 4, 23, 24 



White, 5, 91 



Face painting, 41, 69, 99, 119, 146 

 Fairfax, S. Dak., vn 

 Fall, Ponca name for, 74 

 Family, position in, 81 

 Fans, eagle-wing, 62, 64, 114 

 Farmers, 13 



Fasting to obtain visions, 99 

 Fat, marrow, 46 

 Father-in-law taboo, 86 

 Fathers, 83, 86, 95, 148 



boys taught by, 76 



brother of, 86 



relationship to son, 84, 85 



sister of, 82, 85 

 Feasts, 59, 61 



mourning, 155 

 Feathers, 50, 51, 79, 161 



bird, 100 



costumes of, 64, 65, 66, 107, 160, 161, 

 162 



crow, 40, 137 



downy, 64, 66, 92, 137 



eagle, 40, 42, 64, 65, 66, 68, 92, 137 



eagle tail, 62, 66 



owl, 102, 137 



pelican, 101 



Peyote, 64, 80, 101, 102, 116 



pheasant, 42 



symbolism of, 136 



war honor, 62, 136 (list), 137 



"Yellow-hammer," 123 

 Featherwork, 3 



Fetishes, made by mothers, 144 

 Field mouse, 8 



Finger-weaving technique, 52 

 Fire, Jim, Arapaho Indian, 123 

 Fire, 75, 129 



in center of dwelling, 58 



pits for, 52 



pottery hardened by, 54 



preservation of, 20, 54 



wood for, 103 

 Firearms, 13, 26, 29, 32, 33, 42, 96, 118 



bullets for, 41, 118, 123 



flints for, 26 



musket, 41 



powder and balls for, 26, 28, 30 

 Firemaking, 20, 54 

 Fireman, Peyote oflScer, 122 

 Fireplace, 59, 103, 104 



"Fireplace" (ritual), 125 



Fish, 8 (list), 43 



cooking methods, 46 



Fishbones, used as projectiles, 119 



Fishhooks and lines, 32, 43 



Fishing, 3, 39, 43, 120 



"Fish smellers," Ponca group, 30 



"Five Civilized Tribes," 4 



Flags, 26, 32 



Flatboats, 28 



Flaxseeds, wild, 43 



Fleshers, 12, 53 



Fletcher, Alice C, 81, 90, 91 



Fletcher, Alice C, and La Flesche, 

 Francis, 5, 10, 14, 15, 23, 40, 45, 

 49, 55, 60, 62, 69, 70, 75, 76, 78, 79, 

 81, 88, 90, 91, 92, 95, 97, 113, 124, 

 134, 135, 136, 137, 141, 145, 150, 

 154, 156 



Flicker, 102, 123 



Flint, used for arrows, 20, 53 



Florence, Nebr., 15 



Flour, 44, 46 



Flute, Indian, viii, 80, 81, 148 



Flycatcher, scissortail, 102 



Foeticide, not practiced, 144 



Folktales, taught by grandparents, 85 



Fontanelle, Logan, Omaha chief, 132 



Food, etiquette connected with, 47 

 preservation of, vii 



Footraces, 126 



Foreman, Grant, 37 



Forks, White manufactured, 46 



Fortifications, 3, 5, 12, 18 



Fort Laramie, 21 



Fort Pierre, 68, 133 



Four-o'clock root, medicinal use of, 151 



Fowling, 41 



Fox fur headdress, 66, 137 



Fox Indians, 114 



Fremont, Nebr., 18 



Fruit, 17, 18, 125 

 supernatural, 21 

 wild, 44, 46 



Fry, Edwin A., 30 



Funeral, 47 



Fur, 66, 137 



trade in, 25, 26, 28 



Furniture, household, 37, 58 



"Fuzzy-weed" (Artemisia dracincu- 

 loides ) , use of, 142 



Oalium triflorum, 69 

 Gallup Festival, 159, 165 

 Gambling, 129 



charm for, 130 

 Game, 7, 15, 43 

 Games, 156 



boys', 129, 130 



card, 130 



ceremonial races, 126 



footrace, 126 



Ghost Dance hand, 109, 110, 116, 

 160, 165 



goalpost for, 127 



hand, 50, 109, 128, 129 



hoop and javelin, 3, 133 



