10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Boll. 187 



upward. Participants — two False Faces and two matrons of the 

 society paired face to face, the men backing up toward the door; then 

 in turn other coupled society members; one husk face watching the 

 door. 



(d) Step — male heel-bumping, that is, right foot flat forward, right 

 heel raised and forcibly thumped on the floor; reverse; female 

 enskanye step as in ganeo'o; counterclockwise circling. Participants — by 

 compulsion, all members, men line up first, women in the rear; by 

 option, all present. During sponsor's song (16) special entrance of 

 sponsor into the round, under guidance of a husk face. During two 

 special songs (17 and 18) entrance of two husk faces into the round. 

 Final dances — ^ash blowing on the sponsor and patient by two false 

 faces and a husk face. 



Remarks. — Costume — wooden carved masks of various forms, 

 particularly the doctor masks of the great world rim dwellers who 

 oflBciate as doorkeepers in the round dance (shagodyow6hgo-wa-) 

 and impersonators of wind and disease spirits (hodigos6ska'a).^ 

 Breechclout, dungarees, a woman's shawl or skirt, or any old thing to 

 heighten comedy, as football helmet and hula skirt. 



Mime — some differentiation of two main classes of gagohsa' or 

 faces, erect or crawling, and of masked expression, awful or indolent. 



Husk Faces or Bushy Heads (gadji'sa?): 



Function. — Messengers for False Faces in house purging, messengers 

 of the three Food Spirit Sisters at Midwinter, also curative agents. 



Occasions. — False Face spring and autumn circuits, Midwinter 

 medicine ceremony nights, occasional private rituals. 



Songs. — Two types: during False Face ritual, songs similar in 

 type to False Face melodies, also to turtle rattle accompaniment; for 

 special dances monotone repetitious short phrases, to characteristic 

 rhythms of turtle rattle or of wooden paddle knocked on the bench, 

 and to the rapid knocking of their own staves on the floor. No 

 grunting like False Faces. 



Dance. — Entrance crawling and leaping, with great din of staves. 

 Two types of dance: 



(a) Individual, ad lib leaping by male maskers, jump-hops similar 

 to those of False Faces, or foot twists similar to Fish Dance (see 

 below), or stiff -legged straddle, or galloping around staves. 



(6) Round dancing by male and female members, the latter with 

 ^skanye. 



Remarks. — Costume — fringed masks made of braided or twined 

 corn husks, female types differentiated by dangling tassels or knobs; 



2 For classification of mask types and origin legends, see Fenton, 1941 a, especially pages 408-412, 416-417; 

 Kurath, 1956 a. 



