KuBATH] IROQUOIS MUSIC AND DANCE 39 



(b) Intensification from slow to fast units — Changing-a-rib 17. 



(c) Symmetrical timing, by progression from slow to fast to slow 



units — Drum 3, Eagle 5, False Face 1, Bear 2, Carry-out- 

 the-kettle 4, Old ^skanye 1, Corn 1, Hand-in-hand, Shaking- 

 a-bush 5, Alligator, Show songs, Delaware Dance. 



(d) Two short tapering spurts — Sun Rite 2, War, Yei'dos 1; 



Quavering 5, ohgiwe 3, Old ^skanye Pigeon 2, Fishing, 

 Moccasin 1. 



(3) Erratic Grouping — Commonly Feather, as 5, commonly False 

 Face Round, Ashes Stirring, New eskanye. 



All phrases terminate with a momentary breathing space, varying 

 from sustained or pulsating half notes of Feather and ohgiwe to 

 short-cHpped eighth notes endings of Sun Rite, Old ^skanye and 

 Bear Dance. 



In these combinations the basic units are placed in characteristic 

 positions. Syncopations take an initial position wherever they occur, 

 except in Quavering, Carry-out-the-kettle, and Hand-in-hand. They 

 are followed by a restful quarter note in all cases except Sun Rite and 

 War Dance, where they are followed by an even faster unit. The 

 dotted figure also usually appears in an initial position, as in Drum 

 and False Face pairing, but in Shaking-a-bush it appears as penulti- 

 mate, and in Corn and Robin in a continuous string. The very fast 

 version dotted figure almost always occurs centrally. 



In Fish type and Delaware Dance the basic unit of even duple 

 beats shows ingenious means of variation. In Fish Dance the dotted 

 unit changes its position in the phrase. In Chicken the even two 

 quarters are replaced by triplets, quadruplets, and the "Scotch snap." 

 In Delaware Dance double timing converts a quarter note into faster 

 figures. Similar ingenuity is displayed in Old fskanye, Robin Dance, 

 and other songs. 



For the tabulations, the phrase length is measured by the number 

 of quarter notes as written in the scores. 



Summary. — The manner of combination of simple or complex, 

 slow or fast rhythmic units accounts in large part for the aspect of 

 the songs, for the orderly aspect of repetitious Drum, Eagle, War, 

 Sun Rite, Dark Dance, Quavering, Old eskanye; for the disjointed 

 effect of Feather and False Face and New eskanye. Sedate, relatively 

 even note values in repetitious or symmetrical grouping produces 

 the simple designs of adonwe, ohgiwe, Buffalo, Robin, Hand-in-hand. 

 Crisp rhythms animate the equally orderly War, eskanye, and Trotting 

 types. Unit combinations complicate the couple social dances — 

 Pigeon, Shaking-a-bush, Devil Dance. 



