HRnufKA] 



PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL OBSERVATIONS 



37 



All the tests and measurements were made by the writer himself 

 with reliable instruments and under proper precautions. In addi- 

 tion to certain statistics the physiological data consist of records of 

 the })ulse, respiration, tem})erature, and muscular strength, observa- 

 tions on a few phases of senility, and the results of examinations of a 

 large number of children from birth onward, while the more strictly 

 medical data which follow comjirise notes on hygiene, diseases, treat- 

 ment, and medicines. 



Proportion of Sexes 



Reliable data as to the percentage of each sex in the Indian popu- 

 lation dealt with in this work are restricted to those tribes that live 

 in the United States, the principal sources of information l)eing the 

 Eleventh (1890) and the Twelfth (1900) censuses and the reports of 

 the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 



According to the Twelfth Census, the proportion of males to 

 females among the 65,843,302 native-born whites in the United 

 States was in 1900 as 102.5 to 100. In other words, there were 50.6 

 per cent of males to 49.4 per cent of females. Under the same 

 enumeration the proportion of males to females among the 232,562 

 mainland Indians was shown to be 101.4 to 100, or 50.4 per cent of 

 males to 49.6 per cent of females. The native-born wdiite males ex- 

 ceeded the females by 1.2 per cent; the Indian males exceeded the 

 females by 0.8 ])er cent. This difference is not of sufficient weight to 

 warrant any important deductions. 



The proportion of Indian males to females varies in different areas, 

 especially among the tribes studied by the writer. This state of 

 things may be attributed largely to other than natural conditions. 

 The total number of Indians in Arizona in 1900 was 26,480, of wdiich 

 13,551, or 51.2 per cent, were males and 12,929, or 48.8 per cent, 

 females. In New Mexico at the same time the number of Indians 

 reported was 13,144, of which 6,828, or 51.95 per cent, were males 

 and 6,316, or 48.05 per cent, females. Among the tribes visited the 

 conditions, according to the latest data obtainable," w^ere as follows: 



Proportion of serfs 



a The details of the Twelfth Census on this point are not yet availal)le. 

 b Number of males to each 100 females. 



f Eleventh census, 1890. The data for the Navaho are the least accurate and it is ver.v likely that 

 some proportion of males belonging to Arizona were counted among the l' tah contingent of the tribe. 



