86 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOfJY [bull. 34 



on all fours also occurs." Some children do not either crawl or walk 

 on the hands and feet. A woman told the writer of a little child wlio 

 walks, althouo;h only 1 year old. 



Near one of the dwellings of the San (^arlos the writer came across 

 a peculiar contrivance put up for teaching a little child to walk. It 

 was a horizontal bar, crudely made, 4 feet long, fastened 20 inches 

 from the ground to three small vertical posts. The whole appa- 

 ratus bore the long name of ci-ma-ni-dn-co 7ne-yi-no-di-ta. The 

 parents thought that their baby, who was about a year and a half 

 old, was backward in learning to walk, so they put up this con- 

 trivance, which is said to be used also by others under similar circum- 

 stances. The child was seen to grasp one of the vertical posts and 

 lift itself until it got hold of the horizontal bar, when it walked along. 



The San Carlos Apache children of from 1 to 4 years of age are 

 usually quite neglected in the matter of cleanliness. Even profuse 

 nasal discharges are often disregarded.'' 



The school children are an active and happy lot. They greatly 

 enjoy and benefit by all sorts of exercise provided for them. There 

 is little trouble in the San Carlos schools on account of quarrels. 

 Occasionally there are dissensions or fights, but there are no brutali- 

 ties, feuds, long-lasting bad feeling, or jealousies. The elder girls are 

 motherly to the younger, and all are quite unselfish. As a rule the 

 children are not given to lying, though in every class there will be 

 found a few, especially girls, who can not be fully trusted. Some of 

 the school children, particularly girls, will steal little articles when 

 they have an opportunity. The girls seem always prone to take 

 vaseline, which they rub into their scalps, supposing that it makes 

 the hair grow better. Occasionally one will abstract something of 

 value. For this wrongdoing, however, their home training, wdiich is 

 not so good as in other tribes, is responsible. 



The children are not inordinate eaters, even wdien the food supply 

 is unlimited. A few, however, habitually take more than they can 

 consume. Under discipline they are clean. Both girls and boys 

 show aptitude in singing and declamation, and have agreeable, fairly 

 strong voices. The girls are less shy and backward than those in 

 some of the pueblos. The San Carlos children are not much afraid 

 of darkness. One of the school girls ran a distance of several miles 

 at night from the school to her home. Yet they believe in spirits 



a In a Yuma hut the writer saw an infant of mixed blood about 2 years old run on all fours; he saw 

 also a similar ease of a full-blood child about 18 months old among the Maricopa, and before that of an 

 older full-blood infant among the Iluichol in Mexico. In every instance the child moved with the arms 

 straightened and the legs bent forward but slightly at the knees, much after the manner of a quadruped. 

 A more common form is that in which the child moves on its hands and knees. (See C. Lumholtz, 

 Unknown Mexico, ii, 90, and following plate; but in that publication the frequency of the phe- 

 nomenon is possibly overestimated.) 



b These discharges are removed l)y the mother or others, among all the Indians, with the thuml) and 

 forefinger, in a characteristic manner. 



