hrdliSkaJ PHYSTOLOGTCAT. AND MF.DTCAT^ OBSERVATIONS 128 



The figures in the cohiinii of whites are not exactl}^ the same as 

 those for the Apache or the Kma children; they represent the average 

 approximate stature at which the various teeth appear (the smaller 

 stature corresponding to the earlier, the greater stature to the later, 

 teeth of the same kind), while the figures relating to the Imhans deal 

 with the presence of the teeth, the smaller stature being that at which 

 one or more of the teeth concerned were observed for the first time, 

 and the greater that after which all the teeth of the kind dealt witli 

 were j^resent regularly. 



Notwithstanding the difficulties of proper comparison, the pre- 

 ceding table is quite instructive. With one or two exceptions there 

 appear to be no great discrepancies between the whites and the In- 

 dians. The eruption of the first permanent molars seems to occur a 

 little earlier in the whites, but it must be remembered that the num- 

 ber of the Indian children available for comparison was small. The 

 incisors and the bicuspids appear at nearly the same statures in both 

 races. The canines erupt possibly a little earlier in the Indians, and 

 the second molars are decidedly earlier in both of the tribes than in 

 white children. The appearance of the last molars is by no means 

 retarded in the Indians — rather the reverse — but here comparison by 

 stature must be given up, for the heights touch a point where inclu- 

 sion of adults is possible. Retardation and nonappearance of the last 

 molars occur also among the Indians, but are decidedly less frequent 

 than among the American whites. 



The difl^erences in second dentition in the two tribes are insignifi- 

 cant. As to sex, there appears to be a little advantage as to prompt- 

 ness with the females. This is natural in view of the fact that certain 

 statures for this sex represent slightly older individuals than they do 

 for boys. 



Dental anomalies. — Two instances only of a dental anomaly were 

 met with in the first dentition, but quite a large number were noticed 

 in the second. A great majority of the abnormalities (all but two) 

 were in the upper jaw and the pre-canine region, consisting mostly 

 of supernumerary cusps or teeth. 



The anomalies attending first dentition were in one case the pres- 

 ence of six instead of four incisors (case 464, p. 124) and in the other 

 (case 659, p. 124) a partial confluence of a lateral incisor and a canine. 

 With these may be mentioned persistence of the left lateral lower 

 milk incisor and absence of the tooth of the second dentition, 

 observed in one instance in advanced adolescence (case 626, p. 125). 



The anomalies connected with the second dentition, besides that 

 just mentioned in case 626, were of two varieties, both characteristic 

 and of more than common interest. The first variety, occurring in 



