HEDUCKA] PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL OBSERVATIONS 131 



In females above 130 cm. in stature the percenta(i;e of the height 

 abov.e ischia in total height is on the average shghtly greater and that 

 of the length of the lower limbs slightly less than the same in the 

 males of corresponding statures. 



Weight: The weight of Indian children and adolescents is in general 

 slightly greater than that of whites of corresponding statures. 



There are some tribal differences in both sexes. 



The ])oys are the heavier for all statures up to the approacii of the 

 period of jjuberty, when they are overtaken by the girls. 



Growth of the head and face: The growth of the head and face in 

 all principal dimensions proceeds without any marked fliminution at 

 any period throughout childhood and adolescence, ending only at some 

 time in the adult life. 



The absolute proportions of the principal head and face diameters 

 differ much in the tribes; they are all larger in the males than in the 

 females. 



The size of the head and also of the face, as compared with stature, 

 diminishes with growth, as in the other races. 



Cephalic index decreases slightly (the head becoming relatively 

 longer) with growth in the males, but not in the females; facial index 

 increases (the face becoming relatively higher) with growth in both 

 sexes. 



Teeth 



First dentition: All the teeth of the first dentition appear in the 

 same order in the Indian child as in the white. 



All the incisors erupt on the average at about the same age in the 

 two races. 



The appearance of the first premolars and canines seems to be some- 

 what belated in the Indians. 



The eruption of the posterior premolars and the completion of the 

 first dentition are accomplished earlier in the Indians. 



Second dentition: The incisors, both bicuspids, and the first molars 

 appear at about the same age as in whites. 



The canines.seem to appear a little earlier in the Indians. 



The second molars erupt decidedly earlier and the third possibly a 

 little earlier in the Indians. Retardation in the eruption and the 

 nonappearance of the last molar are less frequent in the Indians than 

 in the whites. 



There are no pronounced tribal or sex differences. 



Fiiberty 



Breasts: Development of the breasts commences in the Apache and 

 Pima girls during the twelfth year. 

 There are some tribal differences. 



