URDLICKA] 



PIIYSIOLOGTOAL AND MEDICAL OBSERVATIONS 



135 



other tribe or group of tribes as would be apt greatly to influence 

 the growth of the people. 



The difference in stature between man and woman among the 

 whites amounts to ^\^ of the male height (Gatschet), or 8-16 cm. 

 (Vierordt), or 12 cm. (Topinard), being greater in the tall than in the 

 short peoples (Tenon);" it amounts to a little more than 12 cm., on 

 an average, among the Indians, ranging from 9 to 15.4 cm., and, with 

 some exceptions, it is appreciably greater among the taller tribes. 



The ratio of male to female height (the latter being considered 

 100) is an interesting but generally neglected item. It averages for 

 the tribes studied here about 108. The difference between its 

 minimum (105.6) and maximum (110.0) is a little more than 4h units 

 (6.4 cm.), but in all probability tliis would be reduced were a larger 

 number of measurements of the females of some of the tribes avail- 

 able. Nine separate series of measurements of whites by different 

 observers give the above sex ratio as ranging from 106.5 (Italians) 

 to 108.3 (Russians), with the mean of approximately 107.5, which is 

 very nearly that of the Indians. 



The succeeding two tables show the amount of variation in stature 

 within the tribes. It ranges from 20 to 30 cm. in the larger groups 

 of men and similarly in women. Were the number of measured 

 individuals much increased, the limits of variation would very likely 

 rise to 35 cm., while restrictions as to age of those measured would 

 have an opposite efl'ect. There seems to be no exceptional range of 

 variation in any particular group of statures studied. 



Variations in stature (males) by stature groups 



a See especially Topinard, Elements d'anthropologie genorale, 1885, 458-460. 



