HRDLicKA] PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL OBSERVATIONS 233 



gracilis) is a plant the root of which is chewed by some of the San 

 Carlos Apache as a remedy in sore throat. Tha-Jia-ne-tsa-i ("bushy- 

 weed": Ephedra viridis) is used by the San Carlos Apache as a 

 cough medicine. The tops and young twigs are boiled and sweeten- 

 ing is added; dose, from half a cupful to a cupful. Occasionally the 

 tops are chewed raw for the same purpose. The root of i-ze hta-ni 

 ("medicine eating"), also know^n as i-se vla-tal-clii-hi ("medicine red 

 top"), is chewed raw about an inch at a time to restore the appetite, 

 and also for headache. The root of kesh-tsoz i-ze ("slim-wood medi- 

 cine": ocotillo, Fouquiera splendens) is much used in the form of a 

 decoction, in gonorrheal dysuria. The seeds, and the bark of the root, 

 of sas-chil (Canotia holocantha), boiled, are used in stomach ache, 

 diarrhea, and, in menstruation in cases in which women have "black 

 blood." 



I-ze Jil-chi; i-ze V-chi-hi ("red medicine": Eriogonum alatum) 

 grows in the White mountains. The root is much employed as med- 

 icine. It is pounded up and boiled, and the decoction taken in diar- 

 rhea. The remedy has also other uses. The root of i-ze l-chi-se 

 (probably Boerhavia) is given, in the form of a decoction, to children 

 with colic. I-ze hi-ne (Cereus greggii) : The Indian name has refer- 

 ence to the brain or to the imagination. A little of the root is boiled 

 and given in stomach trouble and diarrhea. The root of me-tci-da-il-tso 

 (Perezia wrightii) is used medicinally and also in tesvino. A decoction 

 of it is drunk in cases of stomach ache. 



Scarification is performed among the San Carlos Apache for any 

 sharp or persistent localized pain. The skin is cut with a sharp 

 object, preferably a splint of glass. They scarify any part of the 

 body, even the temple. 



Massage is not practised; but some medicines are lightly rubbed 

 all over the body. 



From the tops of certain plants, which are heated in a dry state, 

 these Apache make poultices that are applied in rheumatic and other 

 pains to the surface of the body. They employ no wet poultices. 

 Occasionally for pains in the bowels they use clysters, pouring the 

 decoction through a hollow reed into the rectum and preventing its 

 exit by means of a wad of cotton. 



CTiil-chelc (Covillea tridentata) , common along the Gila, is used by 

 the San Carlos Apache for curing pains, mainly of rheumatic nature. 

 The tops, heated over the fire, are applied as a sort of poultice over 

 the affected part. In "sinking fontanel" in infants the San Carlos 

 Apache make a dough of flour and the root of the i-ze Ichi-hi ("red- 

 medicine:" Eriogonum alatum), cut the hair over the fontanel, and 

 apply this dough to the spot. The belief is prevalent among this 

 tribe that the dough when it dries pulls up the hi-tsi-ta-go-d-i-le ("soft 

 place"). 



