22 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BuLL. 185 
of later times. Other differences seem to be present as well, particu- 
larly in entrance details. 
Existing but largely unpublished data in the files of the Missouri 
Basin Project and cooperating agencies suggest that a marked change 
took place in the structural details of both the ceremonial and dwell- 
ing lodge of the Arikara as they moved up the river, although the 
basic form was retained. After about 1800, Arikara lodges appear 
to be as closely related to those of the Mandan-Hidatsa type as to 
the Arikara houses used but a short time before that date. 
HUNTING LODGE 
During the 1950 reconnaissance of the Fort Berthold Indian Reser- 
vation the two members of the party were several times informed that 
“tipis” were still standing in the timber along the Little Missouri 
River. Although rather detailed directions for finding them were 
given to the party, the site eluded discovery at that time and it was 
not until 1951 that I finally reached it, in company with G. Hubert 
Smith and Lee Madison. The site (32DU25) was located in a dense 
grove of ash trees in a bend on the right (east) side of the Little 
Missouri River, a mile or two below the mouth of Hans Creek, in the 
SEYSWI, sec. 19, T. 147 N., R. 92 W. (map 1). At this point the 
stream flows through a deep, sheer-walled, narrow valley in typical 
badland terrain. The sides of the valley are deeply dissected. Long, 
narrow, precipitous ridges project from the upland and make the 
valley not only hard to climb out of, but almost equally hard to 
descend into. At this point the valley floor is but a few hundred 
yards wide, and the stream is bordered with groves of cottonwood 
and ash and dense thickets of rosebushes, bullberries, and wild 
currants. 
When found, the “tipis” proved to be the remains of a single 
hunting lodge or “woodlodge” of the type formerly built by parties 
of hunters and eagle trappers. It stood some 25 feet inside the shelter 
of the timber on the west side of the grove and a matter of 200 yards 
from the stream. It had partially collapsed, and exact measurements 
could not be obtained without completely destroying the remains 
of the structure, which we were unwilling to do. 
In building this lodge, four ash posts 6 to 8 inches in diameter and 
forked at one end had been set at from 4.5 to 5.0 feet apart to form 
the corners of a square, with the forks about 6 feet above the ground. 
In the forks two poles were placed running north-south. On top of 
these poles, and on the outside of the vertical posts, two others were 
placed running east-west. These four poles were slightly smaller 
in diameter than the four foundation posts and were between 62 and 
