Riv. Bas. Sur. a 
PAP. No. 30] STUTSMAN FOCUS—WHEELER 209 
Surface finish (of bodies): Simple stamped, cord-marked, or smoothed. 
Appendages: Strap handles and lugs (rare). 
Comparisons.—By comparing the presence and absence of certain 
attributes of the ceramic complexes of the Hintz component and of 
one focus and three sites (or components) which lie within a radius 
of 190 airline miles of, and are apparently very nearly contempora- 
neous with, the Hintz site, it may be practicable to suggest the cultural 
affinity and possible authorship of the Hintz component. The 
quality and range of the attributes used for comparison are limited 
by the information now available. While it would be highly desira- 
ble to give weight to these attributes (by frequencies) and to show 
their associations within each complex, it is not possible to do so be- 
cause of the differences in the provenience and size of the samples and 
the lack of correlated data, except in the case of one complex, as noted 
below. 
The focus referred to above is the Painted Woods Focus, recognized 
and named by A. W. Bowers (MS., pp. 28-80, figs. 1, 4, and 14, and 
tables 1-3). To this focus Bowers assigns, or tentatively assigns, 
17 sites or components of sites on both sides of the Missouri River, 
from Mannhaven southward to just above Harmon in central North 
Dakota, and the Schultz site on the lower Sheyenne River in south- 
eastern North Dakota. In his unpublished study, Bowers presents 
data on the pottery which he himself gathered from 10 of the 17 sites 
or components in the Missouri valley— Sites 34 (Lower Hidatsa), 
32 (Awaxawi), 21, 12 (Stanton Ferry), 10 (Fort Clark Station), 
48 (Bagnall), 125 (Gaines), 126 (Mile Post 28), 9 (Upper Sanger), 
and 23 (Kidelbrock)—and on pottery collected by EK. A. Milligan 
from the Schultz site. Bowers attributes the Painted Woods Focus 
sites or components of sites in the Missouri valley to the Hidatsa, 
following their identification by aged native informants in 1930 as 
traditional Hidatsa sites (op. cit., p. 38). Bowers assigns the Schultz 
site, located in a “region traditonally occupied by the various Hidatsa 
groups,” to the Painted Woods Focus on the basis of ceramic analog- 
ies with sites or components of this focus in the Missouri valley ; but at 
the same time he thinks that the high frequencies of cord-marked 
and check stamped sherds in the Schultz collection reflect close ties 
respectively with the Great Oasis Aspect to the southeast and the 
Devils Lake region to the north (op. cit., p. 44). 
The other ceramic complexes with which the Hintz complex will 
be compared are represented by samples obtained from the following 
sites (or components) : 
1. The Old Fort Abraham Lincoln or Slant Village site, a fortified 
earthlodge village on the west side of the Missouri River just below 
