406 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 191 



area of life tend to do so in others. Carvers are non-Christians who 

 belong to the Council House and have some connection with native 

 politics. They are also, when contrasted with the more acculturated 

 portion of the population, of a lower and less secure economic status. 

 When put in this broader perspective, mask carving appears to be but 

 one of the ways in which the Onondaga seek to escape from their 

 position as an underprivileged minority by an attempt to return to an 

 idealized past. To an observer from outside the culture, carving is 

 a particularly appropriate way since it is an ancient Iroquois custom. 

 The attitude of the Indians themselves toward the art is best summed 

 up in their own words: "All Indians carve." 



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