64 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 51 



surround kivas O and li, and we interpret this as an example of the 

 second type of kiva, the anomaly is explained. 



Although this kiva is placed provisionally in the second type 

 mainly because of these lofty side walls, on account of its isolation 

 at the end of Cliff Palace several observers have not regarded it 

 as belonging to the niin. Neither Nordenskiold nor Morley and Kid- 

 der included it in their ground plans, nor does Nordenskiold men- 

 tion it in his enumeration of Clitf Palace kivas. 



As kiva W is almost wholly unprotected by the cave roof, its walls 

 have greatly suffered from the downpour of rains to which they 

 are exposed. The masonry is fairly good. Evidently it was an im- 

 portant building, and was isolated from other rooms possibly for some 

 special purpose. As there are few or no walls of secular rooms near 

 it, one may believe that it was resorted to by the villagers on special 

 occasions and did not belong to any one clan. 



MINOR ANTIQUITIES 



In the preceding pages have been described the major antiquities, 

 such as walls and those permanent objects which could not be removed 

 from the places where they were constructed without more or less 

 harm. There remain to be considered the minor antiquities, or the 

 smaller objects which are movable and of a more perishable nature, 

 especially if left in the places where they were found. It was mainly 

 in search of such objects that much of the mutilation of Cliff Palace 

 was clone. 



It was not expected that excavations would yield any considerable 

 number of specimens, since for years Cliff Palace had been dug 

 over in search of them, and many hundreds of objects had already 

 been found and carried away to be sold either to museums or to indi- 

 viduals. Notwithstanding these unfavorable conditions, the collec- 

 tion of objects, now deposited in the National Museum, is sufficient 

 to afford some idea of the culture of the Cliff Palace people. 



Among the objects that may be mentioned in the category of 

 minor antiquities are pottery, basketry, implements of stone, bone, 

 and wood, fabrics of various kinds, ornaments, fetishes, and the like — 

 all those objects commonly called artifacts that make up collections 

 from cliff-dwellings generally. 



The excavations at Cliff Palace have revealed no specimens strik- 

 ingly different from those already described as from Spruce-tree 

 House. We would expect some variation in the symbols on pottery 

 from the two ruins, but the differences are not conspicuous in the few 

 specimens that have been compared. Nor is there any peculiarity in 

 the form of the pottery, as the ceramic objects from Cliff Palace 



