hrdliCka] skeletal REMAINS OF EARLY MAN 221 



there is no marked pilasterism. The pilasteric index of 1124 on the 

 right, and 112.5 on the left, corresponds very closely with that of the 

 Saladero (Arizona), the Sioux, and other Indians. In general form 

 the bones differ from those of the Homo primigenius and approximate 

 to those of the present man. (Pis. 19, 20.) 



The tibiae ''offer no special features." They are notably platyc- 

 nemic. The retroversion of the head is marked. 



Principal measurements of the Fontezuelas tihise 



^ Right. Left, 



cm. cm. 



Length between the articular surfaces : 32. 5 32. 7 



Diameter antero-posterior at middle 3. 3 3. 2 



Diameter lateral at middle 2. 1 1. 9 



Index at middle 63.6 59.4 



Diameter antero-posterior at nutritive foramen 3. 6 3. 5 



Diameter lateral at nutritive foramen 2.1 1.9 



Index at nutritive foramen 5S. 3 54.3 



Circumference at middle 8. 6 8. 3 



"The fibulae offer no particular features." 



The humero-femoral index is about 73.2; the tibio-femoral index 

 about 82.6. Both of these proportions are well within the range of 

 variation of the modern man. 



The stature is calculated at 151.2 cm., almost identical with the 

 estimate of Hansen, this assuming that the skeleton is that of a female ; 

 if a male [and so it should be regarded], 153.6 cm. 



The bones of the hands and the feet present no remarkable features. 



As usual in this series of his reports, Lehmann-Nitsche avoids sum- 

 marizing the results of his studies and conclusions ; but his study has 

 brought out no points about the skeleton that would suggest another 

 species of man or even a type differing from that of the recent Indian. 



As to its age, in a subsequent publication * Lehmann-Nitsche 

 places the skeleton among those belonging to the Superior Pampean 

 (Quaternary). 



Critical Remarks 



The pivotal question in regard to the Fontezuelas skeleton is, of 

 course, that of its geologic age; and the criteria of age are strati- 

 graphic position, association, alterations in, and the morphologic 

 characteristics of, the bones. Let us test these several factors as 

 apphed to the case under consideration. 



It should be stated to start with that the writer, who became per- 

 sonally acquainted with Santiago Roth, learned to appreciate highly 

 the latter's integrity as well as his ability, and can not but regard his 

 statements with entire confidence. However, his statements re- 

 garding the Fontezuelas find are not as detailed as desirable and are 



' Lehmami-Nitsche, R., El hombre f6sil pampeano; in Bol. Ofic. Nac. Est., La Paz, Bolivia, vi, 1910 

 pp. 363-366. 



