HRDLiCka] skeletal REMAINS OF EARLY MAN 327 



mm. 



No. 13. Patagonian, male 5. 



No. 42. Indian, tribe not stated, male 5. 



No. 23. Patagonian, male 5. 5 



No. 33. Araucanian, male 5. 5 



No. 79. Calchaqui, male 5. 5 



No. 49. Indian, tribe not certain, probably male 6. 



These measurements show clearly that the situation of the nasion 

 in the Diprotliomo skull is very much like that in at least 15 per cent 

 of the ordinary South American Indian crania. 



The backward inversion of the lower part of the nasal process below 

 the glabella, with the consequent nasion depression, exists, and the 

 latter, while not deep, was quite as pronounced as in the average 

 Indian or even white male. Of course, when the fragment is inclined 

 backward more than it should be, both of these features become less 

 appreciable. However, no great biologic importance could be at- 

 tached under any conditions to these characteristics as found in a 

 single case, for they are subject to considerable individual variation. 

 The nasal process is convex from side to side, as usual in man. It 

 measures 38 mm. in breadth between the supraorbital foramina and 

 was about 26 mm. broad at its lower end, both of which dimensions 

 are often met with in the modern Indian. In three masculine skulls 

 belonging to the United States National Museum collection, a 

 Piegan from Montana, an ancient Peruvian, and a Patagonian, they 

 are respectively, 41 and 26, 44 and 27, and 42 and 27 mm.; wliile in 

 1 1 other male Patagonian skulls in the institution the lower measure- 

 ments range from 23 to 27 mm. 



The fronto-nasal suture presents a nearly semicircular form, as in 

 the majority of modern Indian skulls. 



The separation of the branches of the fronto-nasal suture at points 

 10 mm. distant from the nasion and corresponding closely, if not 

 exactly, with the limits of the naso-frontal articulation, is 14.5 mm. 

 A measurement of the diameter between corresponding landmarks, 

 i. e., between the points at which the fronto-nasal changes to the 

 fronto-maxillary suture, in 50 Peruvian and Patagonian skulls taken 

 at random, showed an average of 12.5 mm., and 8 of the specimens 

 (16 per cent) gave from 14.5 to 17 mm. This demonstrates the fact 

 that the breadth, equally with the shape, of the fronto-nasal articular 

 surface (with the intercallated nasal spine) in the dry-dock specimen 

 can not be regarded as exceptional. 



The depth of the nasal notch is somewhat exaggerated by the loss 

 of the nasal spine. The maximum breadth of the articular surface 

 on each side of the spine did not exceed 7 mm., a feature which points 

 to a fairly, but not excessively, strong frontal border of the nasal bones. 

 This border is always the stoutest part of the nasalia, particularly in 

 adult males, though, like other dimensions of the nasal bones, it pre- 

 sents a considerable range of individual variation. 



