330 BUREAU OP AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 52 



• 



thomo. The curve of one of these, a modern and otherwise normal 

 Piegan, is shown here in contrast to that of the Diprothomo (pi. 51). [^] 



The frontal eminences are distinct. In the median line there is 

 scarcely a trace of an antero-posterior ridge and in consequence the 

 superior outline of the norma anterior was quite oval. There is no 

 asymmetry and the whole formation of the frontal squama speaks 

 for its ordinary recent human character. 



The frontal bone does not give the impression of exceptional length, 

 nor of exceptional narrowness; in fact, the conditions in regard to 

 the latter particular are quite the reverse, as already partially shown 

 by the dimension of the smallest frontal diameter. The arc or 

 surface measurement from nasion to bregma is 12.6 cm., exactly 

 the same as in No. 52 of the Museo Nacional, and a number of 

 crania were found in the same collection in which it was very simi- 

 lar. In No. 33, the skull of the Araucanian Cacique Panchito, the 

 nasion-bregma arc measures only 11.3 cm., while in Nos. 3 and 13, 

 both male Patagonians, it reaches 13.9 cm. A frontal arc of 12.6 cm. 

 is a very common feature of modern Indian crania, as well as of those 

 of other races. The maximum breadth of the frontal amounts to 

 about 11.4 cm., a very fair average for a dolichocephalic or mesoce- 

 phahc Indian. 



The temporal ridges are rather submedium in development for a 

 male and run at a good distance (slightly less than 6 cm. on each 

 side) from the sagittal suture. This is unequivocal proof that the 

 temporal muscles were developed far less than in any adult male 

 Primate below man, less even than in many a human savage. They 

 were developed only about as much as they are in the modern, 

 even in the civilized, man, a fact which leads inevitably to the 

 conclusion that the jaws of this individual were of onh^ moderate 

 dimensions and that therefore the face could not have been massive 

 or protruding. 



In harmony with the distant and moderate temporal crests, 

 the anterior part of the sagittal region shows only traces of elevation 

 or ridge, which terminate at the summit. The latter is fairly dis- 

 tinct, 3.5 cm. posterior to the bregma. 



The inclination of the fore part of the sagittal line when the frag- 

 ment is placed in proper position is very slightly downward, but it 

 is precisel}^ so in the skull used as a model. (See pi. 51; also pi. xv 

 in Bull. 33, B. A. E.) Wlien the specimen is laid farther backward, 

 the inclination of the line of the sagittal suture changes of course 

 and points more nearly downward in direct ratio to the tilting. The 

 posterior portion of the suture shows a descent, such as can be seen 

 in many not unusually long modern crania. 



' To insure accurany, in the case of the Diprothomo the curve was drawn with a fine-pointed pencil along 

 the cast of the fragment, cut in the median line, while in the Piegan skull it was drawn similarly along 

 the nasion-bregma line of a cast of the frontal part of the specimen. 



