168 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 5.1 



By about half-past 10 in the morning all the Chippewa and ]\Ienomi- 

 nee were in the dancing cii'cle. Wis 'kino, his aid, and his leading 

 dancers were seated on the farther side, opposite the entrance. On 

 the right of the circle were two Menominee drums; at the left, next 

 to the entrance, was the chief drum, which was to be given away that 

 day, and next to it was the warrior drum to be given away the fol- 

 lowmg day, while nearest Wis'kino was a Menominee drum. Thus 

 there were five drums in the circle. Only a few persons were seated 

 around the Menominee drums, but the full quota were around the 

 two Chippewa drums, where most of the singing was to be done. 

 The aid of the chief drum sat on a low seat at the entrance and 

 received a toll of tobacco from all who entered the circle. He was 

 elaborately attired and as a badge of his office wore a garment 

 received from the Sioux, called by them wamiliina''ka. The wiiter 

 has seen a similar garment worn by the Teton Sioux m their social 

 dances and also by the Chippewa at Leech I^ake, Minnesota, July 4, 

 1910, who said they received it many years ago from the Sioux. 

 This garment consists of a piece of cloth about 18 inches wide and 

 40 inches long, on which large feathers are closely sewed, being 

 lightly fastened by the quills, so that they move ^^ith every motion 

 of the wearer. The garment, which is attached to a belt, hangs 

 behind the wearer, reachmg to his ankles (pi. 23). In order that it 

 may not be injured, it is customary among the Chippewa and the 

 Menominee for the wearer to spread a blanket over the box on which 

 he sits, allowuig the garment to rest on the ground behind him. As 

 he sits down he spreads the feather garment carefully on this blanket, 

 so that it may not be uijured. The four leading IVIenommee dancers 

 wore these feather garments, resembling a row of brilliant birds. 



The officials of the chief drum sat at the side of the circle, on the 

 left of the entrance. Their faces were painted, and they wore orna- 

 ments of beadwork and many streamers of bright-colored ribbon. 



Presentation of the Drum 



Bi'jikens opened the ceremony with a formal speech, after which 

 the tobacco which had been placed before him was distributed to the 

 entire assembly. As chief of the band, he gave what might be termed 

 an ''invocation," standmg with right hand extended toward the drum 

 and speaking with dignity, and then repeated it as owner of the drum, 

 dancmg three times around the drum wdth right hand extended over 

 it and pausmg after completing each circuit (pi. 23). 



The leading drummer then started the Song of the Pipe, and the 

 pipe bearers of both drums rose in their places and, after presenting 

 the pipes to the circle of the sky, lighted them and offered them first 

 to the drummers in order of importance, then to the enthe company, 



