DBNSMOEB] CHIPPEWA MUSIC II 199 



Analysis. — This song is vigorous and clear in rhythm and tonality. 

 The first 12 measures are based on the triad G-B flat-D, these tones 

 occurring in descendmg progression in the third and eighth measures. 

 The last five, measures of the song are based on the descending chord 

 G-D-B flat~G. The song is minor in tonality, yet the major third 

 is the opening interval. (See Nos. 1, 9, 34, 83, 120.) The entire song 

 is thus shown to be harmonic in framework. The song contains four 

 phrases of five measures each. The first phrase comprises a rhythmic 

 unit, which is repeated practically without change in the second 

 phrase. The third phrase (measure 3) shows a reversal of the couplet 

 and triplet division which occurs in the corresponding measure of the 

 rhythmic unit, the two following measures being practically the same 

 as in the unit. The variations in the final phrase are readily dis- 

 cerned. The variation of a rhythmic phrase is a feature of special 

 importance in the study of primitive musical development. (See 

 Nos. 90, 96, 103, 108, 109, 115, 123.) 



Other songs supposed to be the musical expression of animals are 

 Nos. 34, 41, 58, 68, 88, 119, and 197, in Bulletin 45, and Nos. 95, 96, 

 97, 98, 99, 114, and 115 of the present work. 



The following song was heard by a man when he was fasting and 

 seeking a dream. As he was walking around he heard voices which 

 seemed to come from beyond a hill. Stealtliily climbing this hill, he 

 saw a herd of deer standing in a circle. One said, ''Now we will 

 dance. We always have a dance at this season, when the leaves have 

 fallen from the trees." All the deer pointed to a little buck whose 

 pointed horns rose somewhat higher than his ears, saying he should 

 be the one. to sing; thereupon he sang this song. Thus the man 

 learned it and afterward it became his dream song. He sang it when 

 he hunted the deer. There were two parts to the song: First, the 

 little deer sang about himself and then about the other deer. Only 

 the first part is transcribed, as the second was not an interesting 

 melody. Before singing tliis and the two next succeeding songs the 

 singer "imitated the noise made by the deer." (See pp. 101, 203.) 



