90 INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY—PUBLICATION NO. 4 
fundamental, basic pattern; San Martin men’s costume dis- 
tinctive. 
8. San Pedro la Laguna—San Juan la Laguna (women’s 
dress slightly different). 
9. Quezaltenango—San Mateo. 
10. Momostenango—San Bartolomé Aguascalientes. 
(B) Similar municipios or parts of municipios 
due to recent migrations are given in the following 
list. In the instances listed, independent ‘cultural 
colonies” have been established in which costumes, 
language, and many customs of the mother municipio 
are still largely preserved by the migrants and their 
descendants. In some cases Highland groups have 
settled in the Lowlands; elsewhere they have 
moved to other parts of the Highlands. This list is 
by no means complete even for the area covered, but 
provides a representative sampling. 
years after migrating to the Lowlands. Some of the 
larger piedmont municipios in the populous coffee 
belt have units of many Highland municipios repre- 
sented as permanent labor colonists. A few illustra- 
tions from among hundreds are as follows. 
Highland Indian groups which migrated as permanent 
labor colonists 
To municipio of: 
San Lucas Toliman (coffee 
finca laborers). 
San Pablo Jocopilas (Finca 
From municipio of : 
1. Solola 
2. Totonicapan 
Chocola). 
3. Santo Tomas Santa Barbara Suchitepe- 
Chichicastenango quez (fincas, especially 
Moca)—was Dept. Solola 
till 1934. 
Municipios or parts of municipios with costume similarities due to recent migrations 
From municipio of: 
To municipio of: 
Remarks and dates of changes: 
Town renamed (was _ formerly 
Pecul) and reestablished by 
Ladinos about 1880. 
Depto. Suchitepequez to Quezalte- 
nango about 1900 (changed 
name, 1920; was Santo Tomas 
Perdido) ; Depto. Suchitepequez 
to Quezaltenango in 1933. 
Classified as pueblo, 1933. 
Common landowners in both. 
Common landowners in_ both. 
(About 1880?). 
1890. Probably originally lumber 
workers. 
GD 
About 1880 (?). Costumes have 
assumed some modifications in 
detail, figures woven on huipil, 
e.g., as at Santiago. 
Highland Lowland 
Le Zul ec Poise tees pansies ea disidtniclewwies Pueblo Nuevo 
De Lourrarh ia. s selena serepareee eves m ters veces thar Sere sieiote Nereis Santo Tomas la Unidén 
EP AZ UTI co Greve vesetanacavers eieserersuater Staresevmieiemiciarausie ee Zunilito (Municipio of San Fran- 
cisco Zapotitlan?). 
Ai Momostenanyo ie siclecresrcrtlorerer nate w ler sce teiciore Palmar 
De oat Pedroia lagi whats seine) sls ta lctele/ oie San Pedro Cutzan (Municipio of 
Chicacao). 
Highland 
6) Dotonicapanitac sacs ccc cee dele easier Patanatic (Municipio of 
Panajachel). 
/LOLOMIGAP ATI ctayeiare cremate seers eeeicote Panebar (Municipio of San Juan 
la Laguna). 
By Patzicla ac eacae syoramm eaveaiein eeianions eer Cerro de Oro (Municipio of 
Santiago Atitlan). 
0) Santa Lucia: Utatlani det. c civics mnsecis ese Xepéc (Municipio of Sta. 
About 1910 (?). 
Catarina Palopd). 
(C) Labor colonies as extraneous units within a 
municipio. Throughout the coffee belt of the Pacific 
piedmont, groups of plantation laborers who have 
come from Highland Indian communities have 
settled permanently on fincas. “ Though many of 
these have lost much of their identity, large numbers 
of them continue to wear their distinctive costumes 
and otherwise to preserve their backgrounds for 
It is possible that some of the adjoining municipios 
under (A) above, may have been large ethnic units 
at the time of the Conquest, though further evidence 
of relationship is necessary before we can draw such 
a conclusion. In some cases several groups may 
have previously been one, subsequently split up by 
the Spaniards. Subdivision has continued to the 
present time, with special impetus provided by the 
