CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTHWEST GUATEMALA—McBRYDE 167 
d, Stacks of Solola onions are almost the only goods visible 
in the background. (Line 20, map 22, looking west.) 
e, The lime is brought from Tecpan. Note the tin balance 
at the feet of the man on the left; basket scales in 
front of the other men. Lime, here spread out on 
heavy wool cloth in which it is wrapped, is often 
carried in goatskin for greater protection against 
possible rains (p. 73). The rest of the load of lime 
of the man on the left is kept in the burlap sack, re- 
tained by a heavy cargo net (left). (Line 3 (middle), 
map 22, looking east.) 
f, Note the cloth (zutes) folded upon the women’s heads in 
lieu of a hat. One woman is selling flowers, especially 
calla lilies. The women buyers kneeling at the left 
are natives of Santa Lucia Utatlan. Except for the 
Maxefio (in white at left; see also pl. 13, c) all of 
the men in the picture are Sololatecos. (Line 16, 
map 22, looking southwest.) 
a, Coffee, soup, stew, beans, tortillas, tamales, hot gruel 
(atole) and spiced drinks (pinole), rice in milk, and 
many other foods and drinks aré served at such 
stands. Indians drink boiled coffee rather than the 
concentrated “essence” and hot water used in most of 
Latin America. The two men lunching at the 
right are itinerant merchants from Chichicastenango 
(Maxefios) ; at the left is a Nahualefio. (Map 22, 
looking north toward line 47.) 
Prate 15 
Ladinos carry the richly clad image on a litterlike scaffold 
upon their shoulders, from the church of the Calvario 
(background) to the principal church, just in front of 
the lead woman. They walk slowly, in cadence, so 
that their heavy burden sways rhythmically to and 
fro, to the accompaniment of a dirge intoned by a 
small brass-wind band. Behind them are women 
(Ladinas) carrying images of the Virgin Mary and 
other saints. Both Ladinos (background) and In- 
dians (foreground) participate in this service. The 
latter, members of a Solola cofradia, or religious 
society, may be seen carrying large, lighted candles. 
Note also the numerous zutes folded upon the heads, 
arms, and shoulders. On other days, especially Fridays 
during Lent, Indians carry images of saints, including 
small ones of Santiago on horseback, from one church 
to the other. The market is suspended for 3 days 
before Easter; Judas in effigy is flogged and torn to 
pieces on Saturday. The steep slope north of Solola 
is visible in the extreme background, giving the dark 
tone beyond the rooftops. 
Prate 16 
Besides the velvet-robed saints, elaborate silver crosses and 
ornaments are carried. The San Jorge Indian man 
at the extreme left is playing a chirimia (a reed in- 
strument like an oboe), which has a_ high-pitched 
whining note, to the accompaniment of drums and 
rockets. In the background are yucca trees, one of 
which, just beyond the image of the principal saint, 
has a large white panicle of edible flowers. 
PLaTE 17 
a, The altar is covered with corn, silver medallions, flowers, 
lighted candles, and images of saints, including San- 
tiago on his horse. General Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes 
told of Indians in San Marcos Department insisting 
on using a Santiago mounted on a white mule. These 
are depended upon to give ample rains and a good 
harvest (see McBryde, 1933, p. 77). Note the Solola 
coats with the bat designs, and the ceremonial black 
outer pantaloon worn by the kneeling Indian cofradié 
official. 
b, The ears are of yellow maize with occasional black grains 
serving as eyes and mouth; “hair” is of corn silk. 
“El Santo Maiz” is dressed in rich silk robes, with 
beads and crucifix. Decorations include bright-colored 
silk ribbons and flowers, especially of bromeliaceous 
epiphytes and orchids. This altar and the saints were 
made for the Guatemala National Fair of November 
1940, by the Indians of San Pedro Sacatepequez 
(Depto. San Marcos), exactly as they prepare them 
for their local planting ceremonies. 
d, This is a small instrument, played by a father (left) and 
his two sons. Some marimbas are as much as 10 
feet long, and may be played by a half dozen men. 
f, Note the bull mask, of wood with natural cow’s horns, on 
the net-load of regalia in the foreground. This is 
part of the accoutrement for the dramatic dance of 
Los Toros, which features a bullfight. These cos- 
tumes are rented rather than sold by the owner, a 
San Cristébal Totonicapan Indian. They are expen- 
sive to make and are needed only for festivals (see 
p. 68). The man at the left is a Santa Cruz la 
Laguna Indian; at the right is a young girl of Solola 
with a hooded baby on her back (see pl. 8, e). 
g, In this ceremony the Indians reenact their conquest by the 
Spaniards, some of them dressing as Alvarado and his 
lieutenants. Dramatic dances such as this are held 
throughout Indian Guatemala to celebrate festivals of 
various sorts. 
Prater 18 
a, This photograph was taken from the top of the high ridge 
above Jaibal (see map 20), looking east, in August 
1936. Hotel Tzanjuyii is in the center foreground, 
and leading off to the left are the roads to Solola 
(upper) and San Buenaventura (lower). Just to the 
right of Tzanjuyt the flooded former mouth of the 
Panajachel River (c) is visible. Note the muddy 
discharge from the swollen river (the present course 
a straight white channel in the center of the delta) 
(shown ir pl. 19, a) as it empties into the Lake and 
turns right (toward the camera) under the influence 
of the prevailing wind. The large gully shown in 
plate 19, e, may be seen in the left background beyond 
the delta. 
b, This daily launch transported passengers from Tzanjuyt 
to Santiago. The heaviest traffic going south was on 
Saturday, when many itinerant merchants from the 
Solola Friday market crossed the Lake to go to 
Sunday Lowland markets. The photograph shows a 
Saturday morning crowd, with pottery and other large 
