GLOSSARY 



221 



Ladino, a non-Indian ; a class of persons who speak Spanish, 

 dress in European-type clothes and in general are 

 representatives of the Spanish cultural tradition 

 rather than the Indian. 



Machete, a cutting tool; in Panajachel a factory-made 

 knife with a short handle and a long blade. 



Mancuerna, a package of 2 balls, or 4 tapas of panela. 



Mandamientos, a system of enforced labor whereby em- 

 ployers sought and were given quotas of laborers. 



Manzana, land measure, 100 varus square, equal to 1.736 

 acres. 



Mayor, or alquacil mayor, an office in the municipal gov- 

 ernment and in the Indian hierarchy. 



Mayordomo, majordomo, an official of a cofradla, and the 

 politico-religious organization. 



Milpa, cornfield, in which is grown principally corn, beans, 

 and squash. 



Monte, the territory outside of town; rural, whether 

 wooded or not. 



Mozo, common laborer, field hand. 



Municipio, township, the smallest political unit into which 

 Guatemala is divided. 



Olla, an agxiardierde (distilled liquor primarily of sugar) 

 often flavored with fruit, in which earthenware vessels 

 are utilized in the making. 



Ornato, a head tax, the proceeds of which are spent on 

 public works. 



Panela, brown, noncrystallized sugar, usually sold in 

 Panajachel in large balls, two of which form a man- 

 cuerna, half of each a tapa. 



Patr6n, an employer, usually for a long period of time. 



Peso, in the old currency, a unit of money now equal to 

 \% cents, in terms of which negotiations are still 

 carried on. 



Pinole, a beverage made, in Panajachel, of toasted and 

 ground dry kernels of corn. 



Principal, an elder of the community; a man who has 

 passed through most of the offices of the politico- 

 religious hierarchy. 



Pueblo, town; the smallest category — followed by viUa 

 and ciudad — of community that is the seat of govern- 

 ment of a municipio; in Panajachel applied to the 

 whole delta portion as opposed to the monte districts. 



Pulique, a meat dish; especially a sauce with which meat 

 or fowl is served. 



Quintal, a unit of weight equal to 100 pounds avoirdupois. 



Recomendado, checked; an article left with somebody 

 until called for. 



Red, a mesh bag open at both ends, used to pack loads 

 for transport and storage. 



Regidor, councilman; an office in the municipal govern- 

 ment and in the Panajachel legal and extralegal 

 hierarchy. 



Rodillera, a small woolen blanket worn by men — in Pana- 

 jachel, wrapped around the waist and extending to 

 the knees. 



Rosquito, a kind of doughnut-shaped cookie of wheat 

 flour. 



Sacristan, sacristan; an official of the church and of the 

 Panajachel religious hierarchy. 



Sandalia, a sandal built more like a shoe than a caile. 



Sute or tzute, a cloth worn as a headpiece. 



Tablon, a garden bed; a rectangular raised bed, separated 



from others by gutters into which water for irrigation 



is admitted. 

 Tamal, a dumpling made of boiled and ground corn 



and often other ingredients, wrapped in leaves and 



steamed or boiled. 

 Tapa, half of a ball of panela. 

 Tarea, stint, a unit of work, usually the amount that a man 



can do in one day, but varying widely with the type of 



work. 

 Tortilla, a griddle cake of boiled and ground corn. 

 Totoposte, a large, much toasted tortilla carried on journeys 

 Vara, a Spanish linear measure of 36 Spanish inches or 



about 33 English inches. 

 Zarabanda, a public dance in a tavern or cofradla 



PLANTS 



Alusema. Not identified. 



Amaranth (bledo). Amaranthus paniculatus L.? (Mc); 



.4. p. (R); A. reloplexus L. (M). 

 Araate. Ficus sp. (W, M) ; F. pluribus (V) ; F. tecolutensisl 



(R). 

 Avocado (aguacate). Persea americana Mill. (W, Mc); 



P. gratisima Gatum (V); P. gratisima Gaerth (M). 

 Ayote. Cucurbita pepo L. (W, M, V). 

 Balsamito seed. Not identified. 

 Barrej'on. Not identified. 



"Bird's claw" vine (sk'yeq^'ikin). Not identified. 

 "Bitter sunflower" (girasol amargo). Not identified. 

 "Buzzard tree" (palo de zope). Derris grandifolia (R). 

 Cajete. Achioma lagopas (M). 



Capulin. Trema micrantha (R, W); Tila argentia (M). 

 Castor tree (higuerillo). Ricinus communis L. (V, W, M). 

 Cayu. Not identified. 

 Chichicaste. Urera baccifera (L.) Graudichaud (W, Mc) ; 



Urlica sp. (M); U. dioitica (V). 

 Chichipate. Sweeiia panamensis Bentham (W). 

 Chilacayote. Cucurbita ficifolia Bouch6 (W); C. citrulus 



(V). 

 Chilca. Thevitia neriJoUa (M. V.). 

 Chipilin. Crotalaria vilellina (R) ; C. guatimalensis (V) ; 



C. striata (M); C longirostrata (Mc); C. I. Hook <fe 



Arn. (W). 

 Chipoc. Not identified. 

 Choreque. Not identified. 

 Cidra. Citrus medica L. (Mc, M, V). 

 Cintula. Not identified. 

 Col. Some kind of cabbage called "salt cabbage" in the 



Indian language, not identified. 

 Coral tree {palo de pilo). Erythrina corallodendrum L. 



(M, V, Mc); E. rubrinervia H. B. K. (W, Mc); E. 



cristagallis (V). 

 Cordoncillo. Piper sp. (W) ; P. angustipolium Ruiz y Pav. 



(M); P. Rus & Paw (V); P. longium (V). 

 Coriander (culantro). Coriandrum sativum L. (V\ , M). 

 Coyol, Acrocomia vinifera Oersted (Mc, W, M) ; A. mexi- 



cana (R); A. scherocarpa (V). 

 Cross-sapodilla (injerto). Calocarpum viride Pittier (Mc). 

 Cuajilote. Parmenliera adulis (R); P. adults D. C. (M). 



