. 
396 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
cost about 8150 in the same condition. The sails for the smaller ones 
average about $7 per boat, and for the largest ones about $15. 
Whaleboats.—A tew whaleboats are used in the fisheries of certain of 
the islands, principally by the Chinese. “These are of the regulation 
whaleboat pattern, and have evidently been modeled after boats left 
behind by the whalers who used to frequent the islands. They 
average about 25 feet in length, about 53 feet in width, 26 inches deep, 
and are sharp at both ends. They cost about $125 each. 
Rowboats.—TVhese are of all sizes and shapes, from a small, rectan- 
gular pine-board boat, worth $2 or $3, to a handsome, well-built boat 
costing $25. ‘They are used principally in the rivers, fish ponds, and 
small bays, where the water is smooth. 
Scows.—A few scows are employed in the scine fisheries on Oahu, 
and are of a rough, cheap character which requires no description. 
Se/neboats.—These are very much of the same pattern as the best 
rowboats, only larger and more valuable. 
APPARATUS AND METHODS OF OPERATING SAME. 
Owing to the proximity of the sea toall of the habitable portions of 
the islands, and the natural dependence of the people upon the prod- 
ucts obtained from it for a considerable part of their sustenance, the 
natives early developed into expert fishermen and fisherwomen, and 
as time went on gradually evolyed newer and more effective forms of 
apparatus to take the place of, or to aid, the more primitive forms. 
The advent of foreigners hastened this development by the introduc- 
tion of forms of apparatus In use in their own countries and heretofore 
unknown in the islands. The earlier American settlers, coming as 
they did principally from New England, where fishing had been brought 
to a higher state of perfection than elsewhere in the United States, 
were especially helpful in this regard. 
The writer has endeavored to give as complete a list as possible of 
the forms of apparatus in use, together with the methods of operating 
thesame. As many forms bearnative names, while others have names 
different from those by which they are commonly known on the main- 
land, every effort possible was made to see each form and witness 
the methods of operation, and where this could not be done the state- 
ments of reliable fishermen and others were taken. 
SEINES. 
At Hilo the large seines used on the beach average 250 feet in 
length, with bag 7 feet deep, and mesh of one-half inch. The wings 
average 4 feet in depth and have a mesh of 1 inch. They are usually 
made from No. 9 to No. 8 cotton twine. 
On Maui seines 150 feet long, 8 to 12 feet deep, with 14 inch mesh, 
are used. They have no bag, and several of them are often laced 
together and used as one net. They are usually hauled up on the shore. 
