400 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
The bag net in general use is about 20 feet in depth in the bag, 12 
feet wide at the mouth, and runs to a point. Wings about 30 feet each 
in length and about 5 feet deep, with meshes of three-fourths to 1 inch, 
are attached to each side of the mouth of the bag. Floats made from 
wood of ‘the hau tree, which is very light, are strung along the upper 
line of the wings and the bag. Leads are attached to the bottom line. 
The end of the bag is generally open when on shore, but is tied with 
a piece of twine before being put overboard; the fish are removed from 
the bag at this end. The nets are made of Manila hemp, which costs 
$1.25 per pound, and 9 pounds are required to make a net of the above 
dimensions. Cotton twine is also used at times. Sections of rope, 
from 15 to 20 fathoms in length, fastened together with hook and loop, 
with the dried leaves of the ki plant braided on these ropes by the 
stems, with the blade ends of the leaves hanging loose and free, are 
taken out, along with the net, to a favorable spot, the sections of rope 
are joined together, and men taking hold of each end, and moving in 
opposite directions, begin to make a sweeping circle. The others fol- 
low behind to keep the rope near the bottom, and when if catches on 
rocks or coral dive down and release it. When the persons holding 
the ends of the line meet, one steps over the line of the other, and so 
they keep on going round and round, gradually narrowing the circle, 
until it has become sufficiently small. In the meantime the various 
sections not needed in the narrowing circle are unhooked piece by 
piece and allowed to float on the surface. The bag net is then taken 
out of the canoe and attached to the ends of two of the sections. They 
continue narrowing the circle until the fish are all driven into the net, 
which is then closed up, one of the canoes paddled close to the net, 
which is lifted into it, the string holding the point of the bag untied, 
and the fish allowed to drop into the bottom of the boat. 
A variation of the above net, but on a larger scale, has been 
invented by Mr. E. H. Bailey, of Kahului, Maui. A smooth spot of 
bottom, inside of the reef, in a fairly shallow place, is selected. On 
this spot the net isarranged. The net is'the same as described above, 
except that it has a net platform in front, which is attached to the 
mouth of the bag and also to the wings. Two lines of ki leaves are 
put together so as to make them thicker and thus more effective. 
Buoys are attached to the rope by means of short lines, and the ropes 
sunk by leads until the tips of the leaves just scrape the reef. The 
ropes are run out ina half circle and then pulled over the reef, after 
which the ends are swung around until they encircle the bag. The 
ropes are then carried round and round until all of the fish are over 
the platform, when the latter is raised up and the fish forced back 
into the bag. As soonasthe platform reaches the surface the ropes are 
withdrawn. The canoes then forma triangle and the mouth of the bag 
is drawn up between them and the fish taken out with dip nets. 
Opelu nets (upena aai-opelu) are arranged on two half-hoops con- 
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